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Courtney Pine context sheets

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Context notes for the Edexcel Music A Level set works Courtney Pine Details of key dates and information, as well as context points that can be easily used in essays

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  • May 5, 2024
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COURTNEY PINE
Background

 Born in London in 1964
 One of UK's most successful jazz musicians
 Leading figure to revive UK jazz since 1980s – key exponent of fusion
 Studied clarinet and taught himself the saxophone
 Started touring aged 17
 At 22 released his first solo album Journey to the Urge Within
 Awarded OBE in 2000 and CBE in 2009
 More commercial success than many contemporaries because:
o uses variety of popular styles
o fused with elements of American modern jazz
 Multi-instrumentalist: tenor sax, soprano sax, flute, bass clarinet, keyboard
 Worked as a DJ – good with turntable and mixing deck techniques
 He produced and mixed Back in the Day himself
 Courtney Pine enjoys making covers of well-known songs as well as original work:
o 'Love and Affection' was originally a song by Joan Armatrading
o 'Lady Day and (John Coltrane)' was originally a song by Gil Scott-Heron

Influences
 Musicians:
o Billie Holiday (nicknamed Lady Day)
o John Coltrane
o Miles Davis
o Sonny Rollins
 Styles of music:
o Reggae (his parents are from Jamaica)
o Black American popular music (which includes hip hop, rap and turntable effects)
o Also influenced by soul and rhythm and blues

Jazz fusion
 Developed since 1960s as jazz performers looked for new directions away from big band jazz
 Origins in bebop in 1940s (Charlie Parker, Dizzy Gillespie, Thelonius Monk, etc.)
 In 1960s began using electric instruments, amps, studio effects, etc., and also investigated other
musical styles
 Much jazz fusion based on a repeating riff/groove over which the soloist would improvise
 Though much modern jazz is original, it has been a common feature to use covers of well known
popular songs of the period. Miles Davis, for instance used material by Michael Jackson
 "Jazz has always been about fusion. In housing estates you hear reggae, techno, classical: you walk
through a flat and hear a random mix. But it becomes harmonious, like mixing cultures to get
something different, shocking and stimulating. I'd get home from a jazz gig and play ska. I made a
conscious effort to fuse the two, to inspire myself again." – Courtney Pine
Back in the Day

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