MCB2010: EXAM 1 Questions and Answers

MCB2010: EXAM 1 Questions and Answers Microbiology -Answer-is a branch of biology that deals with scientific study of microorganism such as: bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites(protozoa,helminths, and some insects) prokaryotic cell -Answer-bacteria and cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) eukaryotic cell -Answer-(fungi, protozoa, green algae, animals, and plants) mycosis -Answer-any disease caused by fungi virus -Answer-need a host to live -they are non-living because they need a host, but can be living -are all parasites yeast -Answer-unicellular fungi mold -Answer-multi cellular fungi pathogen -Answer-microorganism that has the potential to cause disease in a compromised host (defense is down like skin) infection -Answer-colonization of the host by pathogen without sign and symptoms prokaryotic cell -Answer-before nucleus -dosent have nucleus yet -no nucleus, or nuclear membrane -has dna, nuclear material, or nucleoid, chromatin eukaryotic cell -Answer-has a nucleus -true nuclues mycology -Answer-study of fungi virology -Answer-study of viruses bacteriology -Answer-study of bacteria infectious disease -Answer-microorganism are involved non-infectious disease -Answer-microorganisms are not involved Anton Van Leeuwenhook -Answer-first observed microscope life (living cells) which he called "animalcules" Robert Hooke -Answer-made the first compound microscope and observed a thin slide of cork -he was able to see, what he described as, little boxes or cells spontaneous generation -Answer-is a theory of development of living forms from non living matter -John Needham(English) supported this generation theory -Francesco Redi(Italian) refuted the idea of this generation EX: toad, snakes, mice, flies, manure of decaying corpses louis pasteur -Answer-the issue of spontaneous generation was resolved by this french scientist 1)he proved that microorganism are indeed present in the air and 2)they can contaminate sterile solutions but 3)air itself does not give rise to microbial life rudolph virchow -Answer-(german) presented the theory of bio genesis -living cells can arise only from preexisting living cells aseptic surgery -Answer-was introduced by an English surgeon Joseph Lister in 1860. -reduces contamination vaccination -Answer-introduce by a British physician named Edward Jenner in 1798. true -Answer-life on earth can not survive without nuclear material? germ theory of disease -Answer-proposed by Louis Pasteur in 1857 -proved by Robert Koch in 1876(specific bacteria cause specific disease) (not microorganism) (very important) Robert koch -Answer-proved germ theory of disease in 1876 pasteurization -Answer-(1857 Louis Pasteur) -a form of heat treatment that kills a number of transmissible bacteria such as salmonella John Tyndall -Answer-explained differences in results from different labs -he proved that bacterial cells exist in two forms 1) Heat sensitive (vegetative cells) does reproduce 2) Heat resistant (endospores) can survive million of years