Test Bank Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Hockenberry Rodgers Wilson | Chapter 26-30 |
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Course
Wong\'s Essentials of Pediatric Nursing
Institution
Wong\'s Essentials Of Pediatric Nursing
Chapter 26: The Child with Respiratory Dysfunction
Chapter 27: The Child with Cardiovascular Dysfunction
Chapter 28: The Child with Hematologic or Immunologic Dysfunction
Chapter 29: The Child with Cancer
Chapter 30: The Child with Cerebral Dysfunction
Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Hockenberry Rodgers
Wilson
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Why are cool-mist vaporizers rather than steam vaporizers recommended in the home
treatment of respiratory infections?
a. They are safer.
b. They are less expensive.
c. Respiratory secretions are dried by steam vaporizers.
d. A more comfortable environment is produced.
ANS: A
Cool-mist vaporizers are safer than steam vaporizers, and little evidence exists to
show any advantages to steam. The cost of cool-mist and steam vaporizers is
comparable. Steam loosens secretions, not dries them. Both cool-mist vaporizers and
steam vaporizers may promote a more comfortable environment, but cool-mist
vaporizers have decreased risk for burns and growth of organisms.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding TOP: Nursing Process:
Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
2. Decongestant nose drops are recommended for a 10-month-old infant with an upper
respiratory tract infection. Instructions for nose drops should include which information?
a. Do not use for more than 3 days.
b. Keep drops to use again for nasal congestion.
c. Administer drops after feedings and at bedtime.
d. Give two drops every 5 minutes until nasal congestion subsides.
ANS: A
Vasoconstrictive nose drops such as Neo-Synephrine should not be used for more
than 3 days to avoid rebound congestion. Drops should be discarded after one illness
, and not used for other children because they may become contaminated with bacteria.
Drops administered before feedings are more helpful. Two drops are administered to
cause vasoconstriction in the anterior mucous membranes. An additional two drops
are instilled 5 to 10 minutes later for the posterior mucous membranes. No further
doses should be given.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Integrated Process:
Teaching/Learning MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
3. The parent of an infant with nasopharyngitis should be instructed to notify the health
professional if the infant shows signs or symptoms of which condition?
a. Has a cough
b. Becomes fussy
c. Shows signs of an earache
d. Has a fever higher than 37.5 C (99 F)
ANS: C
If an infant with nasopharyngitis shows signs of an earache, it may indicate
respiratory complications and possibly secondary bacterial infection. The health
professional should be contacted to evaluate the infant. Cough can be a sign of
nasopharyngitis. Irritability is common in an infant with a viral illness. Fever is
common in viral illnesses.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Integrated Process:
Teaching/Learning MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
4. It is important that a child with acute streptococcal pharyngitis be treated with antibiotics
to prevent which condition?
a. Otitis media
b. Diabetes insipidus (DI)
c. Nephrotic syndrome
d. Acute rheumatic fever
ANS: D
Group A hemolytic streptococcal infection is a brief illness with varying symptoms. It
is essential that pharyngitis caused by this organism be treated with appropriate
antibiotics to avoid the sequelae of acute rheumatic fever and acute
glomerulonephritis. The cause of otitis media is either viral or other bacterial
organisms. DI is a disorder of the posterior pituitary. Infections such as meningitis or
encephalitis, not streptococcal pharyngitis, can cause DI. Glomerulonephritis, not
nephrotic syndrome, can result from acute streptococcal pharyngitis.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding MSC: Client Needs:
Physiological Integrity
5. When caring for a child after a tonsillectomy, what intervention should the nurse do?
a. Watch for continuous swallowing.
, b. Encourage gargling to reduce discomfort.
c. Apply warm compresses to the throat.
d. Position the child on the back for sleeping.
ANS: A
Continuous swallowing, especially while sleeping, is an early sign of bleeding. The
child swallows the blood that is trickling from the operative site. Gargling is
discouraged because it could irritate the operative site. Ice compresses are
recommended to reduce inflammation. The child should be positioned on the side or
abdomen to facilitate drainage of secretions.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
6. What statement best represents infectious mononucleosis?
a. Herpes simplex type 2 is the principal cause.
b. A complete blood count shows a characteristic leukopenia.
c. A short course of ampicillin is used when pharyngitis is present.
d. Clinical signs and symptoms and blood tests are both needed to establish the
diagnosis.
ANS: D
The characteristics of the diseasemalaise, sore throat, lymphadenopathy, central
nervous system manifestations, and skin lesionsare similar to presenting signs and
symptoms in other diseases. Hematologic analysis (heterophil antibody and
monospot) can help confirm the diagnosis. However, not all young children develop
the expected laboratory findings. Herpes-like Epstein-Barr virus is the principal cause.
Usually, an increase in lymphocytes is observed. Penicillin, not ampicillin, is
indicated. Ampicillin is linked with a discrete macular eruption in infectious
mononucleosis.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding TOP: Nursing Process:
Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
7. Parents bring their 15-month-old infant to the emergency department at 3:00 AM because
the toddler has a temperature of 39 C (102.2 F), is crying inconsolably, and is tugging at
the ears. A diagnosis of otitis media (OM) is made. In addition to antibiotic therapy, the
nurse practitioner should instruct the parents to use what medication?
a. Decongestants to ease stuffy nose
b. Antihistamines to help the child sleep
c. Aspirin for pain and fever management
d. Benzocaine ear drops for topical pain relief
ANS: D
Analgesic ear drops can provide topical relief for the intense pain of OM.
Decongestants and antihistamines are not recommended in the treatment of OM.
, Aspirin is contraindicated in young children because of the association with Reye
syndrome.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Integrated Process:
Teaching/Learning MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
8. An 18-month-old child is seen in the clinic with otitis media (OM). Oral amoxicillin is
prescribed. What instructions should be given to the parent?
a. Administer all of the prescribed medication.
b. Continue medication until all symptoms subside.
c. Immediately stop giving medication if hearing loss develops.
d. Stop giving medication and come to the clinic if fever is still present in 24 hours.
ANS: A
Antibiotics should be given for their full course to prevent recurrence of infection
with resistant bacteria. Symptoms may subside before the full course is given.
Hearing loss is a complication of OM; antibiotics should continue to be given.
Medication may take 24 to 48 hours to make symptoms subside.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Integrated Process:
Teaching/Learning MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
9. An infants parents ask the nurse about preventing otitis media (OM). What information
should be provided?
a. Avoid tobacco smoke.
b. Use nasal decongestants.
c. Avoid children with OM.
d. Bottle- or breastfeed in a supine position.
ANS: A
Eliminating tobacco smoke from the childs environment is essential for preventing
OM and other common childhood illnesses. Nasal decongestants are not useful in
preventing OM. Children with uncomplicated OM are not contagious unless they
show other symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection. Children should be fed in a
semivertical position to prevent OM.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: Integrated Process:
Teaching/Learning MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
10. Chronic otitis media with effusion (OME) differs from acute otitis media (AOM) because
it is usually characterized by which signs or symptoms?
a. Severe pain in the ear
b. Anorexia and vomiting
c. A feeling of fullness in the ear
d. Fever as high as 40 C (104 F)
ANS: C
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