Summary
Summary ICS Partial Exam 1 (week 1-5)
- Course
- Institution
- Book
A summary of all the content needed to pass ICS partial exam 1.
[Show more]
Connected book
Book Title:
Author(s):
- Edition:
- ISBN:
- Edition:
More summaries for
-
Samenvatting Boek Introduction to Communiction Sciences + wat college aantekeningen
-
Samenvatting ISE A First Look at Communication Theory, ISBN: 9781260091564 Language, Media & Communication
-
Samenvatting ISE A First Look at Communication Theory, ISBN: 9781260091564 Language, Media And Communication
1 review
By: sterreloggere • 4 year ago
Seller
Follow
segusogaia
Reviews received
Content preview
INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNICATION SCIENCEWEEK 1: INTRODUCTION
What is a theory? I t is a set of systematic, informed hunches about the way things work.
● Set of hunches: i deas about an explanation
● Informed: they are not merely based on vague impressions, but are educated guesses -
taking in consideration what's already known.
● Systematic: r eserved for an integrated system of concepts, links ideas - specified
relations
What does a theory do?
● Theories as nets. W e need theories to u nderstand the world.
● Theories as lenses. T heories influence how we see certain things, they put an emphasis
on certain elements (and ignore others)
● Theories as maps. W e need theories to g uide us, they show us how things work and
how they relate to each other.
What is communication?
Communication is the relational process of creating and interpreting messages that elicit a
response.
● Messages: C ommunication is doing anything that involves m essages (also referred to as
texts).
● Creation of messages: T he content and form of a text are usually constructed, invented,
planned, crafted, constituted, selected or adopted by the communicator. The
communicator is making a conscious choice of form and substance.
● Interpretation of messages: Humans act towards things on the basis of the meanings
they assign to those things. The meanings don’t reside in words, as words and other
symbols are polysemic (open to multiple interpretation.)
● A relational process: Communication is a process not a freeze frame shot.
● Eliciting a response: If a message fails to stimulate any cognitive, emotional or
behavioral reaction, it seems pointless
Models of Communication
Transmission model
Communication as a process of transmitting messages. Message is determined by sender.
Receiver processes this message as was intended by the sender. It is a linear process.
, Expressive model
Communication as not the act of imparting information but as representation of shared beliefs
within a society / group. Emphasis on performance of message (sender). Emphasis on shared
experience of message (receiver). Communication is engaged in for the pleasures of reception.
Examples of the model can be found in the spheres of art, religion and public ceremonies and
festivals.
Publicity model
Communication as a tool to grab and hold attention. Competition between sender for attention
of public. Attention itself is more important than quality of attention. Receiver is spectator
rather than participant.
Reception model
Sender transmits message with a certain purpose/ meaning. Communication 'as' open to
multiple interpretations because of (e.g. social and cultural) differences between receivers, the
same message can have different meanings.
The Empirical Cycle
1. Observation: T he observation of a phenomenon and inquiry concerning its causes.
2. Induction: T he formulation of hypotheses - generalized explanations for the
phenomenon.
3. Deduction: The formulation of experiments that will test the hypotheses. The
deductions of hypothesis as predictions that can be tested is undertaken.
4. Testing: T he procedures by which the hypotheses are tested and data are collected.
5. Evaluation: T he interpretation of the data and the formulation of a theory - uses the
results to present the most reasonable explanation for the phenomenon
Bystanders Do Nothing Experiment
1. Observation: P eople who are faced with an emergency often do nothing if there are
other people present.
2. Induction: I f the numbers of bystanders increases in an emergency, every individual
thinks that someone else will help, so they do not have to do it themselves.
3. Deduction: The more people that are believed to be present during an epileptic
seizure, the less likely the person is to turn to the researcher for help.
4. Testing variables: T he number of people present during an epileptic seizure and the
tendency to turn to the research leader for help.
5. Evaluation: T he hypothesis could be confirmed, and thus the theory of diffusion of
responsibility was further supported
WEEK 2: NEWS PRODUCTION
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller segusogaia. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $6.32. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
76669 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now