WGU D313 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS [ALL PASSED]
NEWEST EDITION 2024
What are the functions of the four valves of the heart? - (correct answer) The four
valves in the heart prevent the blood from flowing back into the chambers and assure
that the direction of blood flow into and out of the heart remains constant
Where is the heart positioned? - (correct answer) It is superior to the diaphragm.
It is medial to the lungs.
deoxygenated blood - (correct answer) refers to the blood that has low oxygen
saturation relative to blood leaving the lungs
oxygenated blood - (correct answer) refers to the blood that has been exposed to
oxygen in the lungs
cardiac muscle - (correct answer) an involuntary, striated muscle that makes up the
walls of the heart
myocardium - (correct answer) one of the layers of the heart wall, it includes cardiac
muscle fibers
diaphragm - (correct answer) a large dome-shaped muscle located within the chest
cavity, just below the lungs
sternum - (correct answer) a long flat bone located in the central part of the chest
base - (correct answer) located at the level of the third costal cartilage or the third
bone of the rib cage
apex - (correct answer) located at the sternum between the fourth and fifth ribs
pericardium - (correct answer) a thin, fluid-filled sac that covers the outer surface of
the heart
pericardial cavity - (correct answer) a narrow cavity filled with a thin serous fluid,
called pericardial fluid
pericardial fluid - (correct answer) a thin serous fluid
endocardium - (correct answer) a smooth, thin membrane lining the inner surface of
the heart chambers
myocardium - (correct answer) the heart muscle composed of cardiac muscle fibers
, epicardium - (correct answer) the thin, outer membrane of the heart wall
endo - (correct answer) means inner
myo - (correct answer) means muscle
epi - (correct answer) means above dextrocardia; situs inversus. - (correct
answer) The heart is on the right side of the thorax in a very small percentage of
people. These people have a condition called _______ , which is a developmental
anomaly.
When the position of the organs of the abdomen is also affected, the condition is known
as __________.
atria - (correct answer) two upper chambers of the heart that are positioned near its
base
auricles - (correct answer) small semi-elastic pouches within the atria that expand
when filled with blood
atrioventricular valves - (correct answer) these valves close to prevent blood from
flowing back into the atria
atrioventricular (tricuspid) valve - (correct answer) allows blood to flow from the right
atrium to the ventricle in a forward direction
atrioventricular (bicuspid or mitral) valve - (correct answer) allows blood to flow from
the left ventricle (pumping chamber) to the aorta and prevents blood from flowing
backward
ventricles: - (correct answer) pump blood out of the heart and into either systemic or
pulmonary circulation
pulmonary valve - (correct answer) allows blood to be pumped from the right
ventricle to the lungs (through the pulmonary artery) where it will receive oxygen
aortic valve - (correct answer) opens to allow blood to leave the heart from the left
ventricle through the aorta and the body
aeorta - (correct answer) main artery that carries blood away from the heart to the
rest of the body
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