BOT3015 Exam 1 2024 Questions and Complete Solutions

BOT3015 Exam 1 2024 Questions and Complete Solutions Pro vs Euk - Answer- Pro. - lack nucleus Euk. - contains nucleus, cell walls, and organelles Cells plants are typically between - Answer- 10 - 100 micrometers Plasma Membrane - Answer- semipermeable outer boundary regulates movement of substances in/out of cell composed of phospholipids (2 layers) Cytoplasm - Answer- consists of all living cell components bound my plasma membrane Cytosol - Answer- fluid portion of cytoplasm Nucleus - Answer- contains nucleoli and chromatin strands Meristem - Answer- actively diving group of cells Apical Meristems - Answer- found at tip of roots and shoots (increases in length as new cells produce - primary growth) Lateral Meristems - Answer- produce secondary tissues that increase girth of roots and stems (secondary growth) Intercalary Meristems - Answer- found in monocots, actively produce new cells for increases in stem length, responsible for grass regrowing Epidermis - Answer- outermost protective layer composed of parenchyma cells, guard cells of stomata, secretory glands and hairs Cutin - Answer- waxy coating on the leaves that helps prevent excess water loss from the plant (forms cuticles) Trichomes - Answer- epidermal outgrowth Periderm - Answer- the protective coat that replaces the epidermis in plants during secondary growth, formed of the cork and cork cambium. Lenticels - Answer- in the periderm allow for gas exchange between living stem or root cells and the outside air Parenchyma - Answer- Fundamental tissue composed of thin-walled living cells that function in photosynthesis and storage (most abundant living tissue in plants) Aerenchyma - Answer- parenchyma cells containing air spaces, found especially in many aquatic plants Chlorenchyma - Answer- parenchyma cells containing chloroplasts that function in photosynthesis Transfer cells - Answer- develop irregular extensions of inner wall that greatly increase surface area of plasma membrane Collenchyma tissue - Answer- provides flexible support Sclerenchyma tissue - Answer- dead cells with thick walls that have lignin and provide strength and support Sclereids/Stone cells - Answer- a dead cell Xylem tissue - Answer- tubes that carry materials from the roots to the leaves Tracheids - Answer- tube-shaped cells that carry water and minerals up from the roots Ray parenchyma - Answer- cells that provide lateral transport and store food Phloem tissue - Answer- carries food down from leaves to other plant parts Taproot - Answer- primary root found in some plants