Soins infirmiers en médecine chirurgie 2 (1803D0CH)
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Cirrhose hépatique
Définition
Maladie évolutive chronique du foie caractérisée par une dégénérescence et une
destruction étendues des cellules parenchymateuses du foie.
Physiopathologie
Le processus de régénération des cellules est désorganisé ce qui créer une architecture
anormale des vaisseaux sanguins et des canaux biliaires. La formation excessive de
tissus conjonctifs fibreux change la structure lobulaire du foie ce qui entraine la
formation de lobules de tailles et de formes irrégulières qui entravent la circulation
sanguine. La fonction hépatique diminue avec le temps et la cirrhose présente une
évolution insidieuse et lente.
Étiologie
La consommation d’alcool prolongée est la cause la plus courante (hépatotoxique).
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