La colite ulcéreuse est une atteinte chronique inflammatoire du côlon qui commence
habituellement a/n du rectum.
Physiopathologie
Se situe généralement a/n du début du rectum et progresse dans le côlon.
Contrairement à la maladie de Crohn, la région touchée sera continue. La profondeur
sera moindre que lors de la maladie de Crohn (muqueuse et sous-muqueuse). La
présence de pseudo-polypes est courante. La maladie apparaîtera entre l’adolescence
et la mi-trentaine suivi d’une poussée dans la soixantaine. Il est à noter qu’il y a des
périodes de rémission entrecoupée.
Étiologie
Les causes de MICI ne sont pas encore déterminées.
INCONNUE
Facteurs de risque
Tabagisme
Génétique
Prise d’AINS
Stress
Caucasien des régions industrialisées
Manifestations cliniques
Subjectives
Diarrhée
Crampes et dlr abdominales
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