• “Ignored in ECO204” (used to be done for sales & trading)
W
40 ≤ !"! ≤ 60 • Partial Price Makers/Takers -- best analyzed with Game Theory
• In the final two lectures, we’ll do theoretical and applied Oligopoly-Game-Theory:
!"! > 60 Cournot rivalry, Cartel collusion, Stackelberg rivalry, and Bertrand rivalry
• Price Maker
!"" > 90 • Can charge a variety of pricing schemes which, for the time being, are categorized
“uniform pricing” and “price discrimination” (aka customized pricing)
“Agenda”
This Lecture Last Two Lecture
Drop Competition
Firms with Market Power Oligopoly-Game-Th
, ECO 204 Game Theory: Assumptions and Type of Games
Game Theory in ECO204
“Two rational players” with “common knowledge” of all players’ set of actions
“Rational Players”: play to maximize their payoff (“never hurt themselves”)
“Common Knowledge”: Everybody Knows ..
One-Shot Games Repeated Games
(“Static”) (“Dynamic”)
Games with Sequential Moves
Games with Simultaneous Moves
“Follower” moves after observing “Leader’s” move
Players “move” without knowing rivals’ actions
“Solution Technique”: Sub-Perfect Nash Equilibrium
“Mixed Strategies” “Pure Strategies”
Players “play” each of their actions with probability ≥ 0 Players “play” one of their actions with probability 1 and all their
(such that total probability of playing all actions is 1) other actions with probability 0
“Solution Technique”: Nash Equilibrium in Mixed Strategies “Solution Technique”: Nash Equilibrium in Pure Strategies
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