KINE-P 409: Basic Physiology of Exercise - Exam 2 || with Accurate Answers 100%.
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KINE-P 409: Basic Physiology of Exercise
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KINE-P 409: Basic Physiology Of Exercise
What are the three mechanisms that assist venous return of blood to heart? correct answers one-way venous valves, muscle pump, respiratory pump
What are three major functions of blood? correct answers transportation (O2, nutrients, waste), temp regulation, acid-base (pH balance)
What is compo...
KINE-P 409: Basic Physiology of Exercise - Exam 2 || with Accurate Answers 100%.
What are the three mechanisms that assist venous return of blood to heart? correct answers one-
way venous valves, muscle pump, respiratory pump
What are three major functions of blood? correct answers transportation (O2, nutrients, waste), temp regulation, acid-base (pH balance)
What is composed of whole blood? correct answers plasma and formed elements (cells)
What percent is plasma of blood volume? correct answers 55-60%
What percent is formed elements of blood volume? correct answers 40-45%
How can plasma volume be decreased? correct answers dehydration in the heat
How can plasma be increased? correct answers with training, heat acclimation
What is defined as hematocrit? correct answers total percent of volume composed of formed elements (majority RBC, then WBC and platelets <1%)
Since RBC cannot reproduce because they have no nucleus, how are they replaced? correct answers regularly via hematopoiesis
What is hemoglobin? correct answers oxygen-transporting protein in RBC
How many mol of O2 can 1 mol of hemoglobin transport? correct answers 4 mol O2
What is the total oxygen-carrying capacity of hemoglobin? correct answers ~20 mL O2/100 mL blood
As viscosity increases, what happens to hematocrit? correct answers hematocrit increases too
What must plasma volume do as RBC increases? correct answers must also increase
What happens to hematocrit and viscosity when plasma volume and RBC increases? correct answers remain stable
What happens if plasma volume does increase as RBC increase? correct answers blood flow or O2 transport may suffer
What is the primary purpose of the respiratory system? correct answers carry O2 to and remove Co2 from all body tissues What four processes carry out the respiratory system? correct answers pulmonary ventilation, pulmonary diffusion, transport of gases via blood, and capillary diffusion
Is pulmonary ventilation internal or external respiration? correct answers external respiration
What is pulmonary ventilation AKA? correct answers breathing
Is pulmonary diffusion internal or external respiration? correct answers external respiration
Is capillary diffusion internal or external respiration? correct answers internal respiration
What is defined as pulmonary ventilation? correct answers process of moving air into and out of lungs
Where does pulmonary ventilation occur? correct answers transport zone and exchange zone
What is the order of transport of air into the lungs starting with the nose/mouth? correct answers nose/mouth --> nasal conchae --> pharynx --> larynx --> trachea --> bronchial tree --> alveoli
What are the lungs suspended by? correct answers pleural sacs
What lines the thoracic wall? correct answers parietal pleura
What takes the size and shape of rib cage? correct answers lungs
What is pneumothorax AKA? correct answers collapsed lung
What causes pneumothorax (collapsed lung) correct answers air in the pleural cavity breaks the fluid bond holding the lung to the chest wall. chest wall expands outward while the elastic lung collapses to an unstretched state
What two components correct a pneumothorax? correct answers removing as much air from pleural cavity as possible with a suction pump, sealing hole to prevent more air from entering
Is inspiration an active or passive process? correct answers active
What muscles are involved in inspiration? correct answers diaphragm and external intercostals
During inspiration, what does the diaphragm do? correct answers flattens
During inspiration, what do the external intercostals do? correct answers move rib cage and sternum up and out
During inspiration, what happens to lung volume and intrapulmonary pressure? correct answers lung volume increases and intrapulmonary pressure decreases What does the pressure difference cause air to do:? correct answers passively rush in
What additional muscles does forced breathing use? correct answers scalenes, sternocleidomastoid, pectorals, and raises the ribs even farther
During inspiration, is the atm pressure higher or lower than intrapulmonic and intrapleural pressure? correct answers higher
What are hiccups? correct answers periodic spastic contractions of the diaphragm
Is expiration usually an active or passive process? correct answers passive process
What muscles relax during expiration? correct answers inspiratory muscles (diaphragm and external intercostals)
During expiration, what happens to lung volume and intrapulmonary pressure? correct answers lung volume decreases and intrapulmonary pressure increases
What muscles and their functions occur during expiration active process (forced breathing) correct answers Internal intercostals pull ribs down, and abdominal muscles force the diaphragm back up
During expiration, is atm pressure higher or lower than intrapulmonic and intrapleural pressure? correct answers lower
During expiration, what does the respiratory pump do? correct answers changes in intra-
abdominal, intrathoracic pressure promotes venous return to heart
During expiration regarding the respiratory pump, what happens when there is an increase in pressure? correct answers venous compression/squeezing
During expiration regarding the respiratory pump, what happens when there is a decrease in pressure? correct answers venous filling
What kind of action is the expiration respiratory pump? correct answers milking action
What does the milking action of the respiratory pump assist in? correct answers the changing pressures assist in right atrial filling
What is core stability? correct answers synchronous action of the abdominal muscles along with the muscles of the back, hip, pelvic girdle, and diaphragm
What is the purpose of core stabiltiy? correct answers keeps spine in a safe and stable position while we move
How is pulmonary volume measured? correct answers spirometry
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