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samenvatting kinesiologie van de heup, KO OL 1ste bach REVAKI
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samenvatting ppt +lesnotities kineosiologie van heup, theorie als onderdeel van het vak 'kinesitherapeutisch onderzoek van het onderste lidmaat'
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1. Osteo- & arthrologie (herh)...........................................................................................................21.1. Rol-glij..........................................................................................................................................2
1.2. Stabiliteit.....................................................................................................................................2
1.3. Mechanische functies..................................................................................................................2
1.4. Heuppathologie...........................................................................................................................2
1.5. Arthrologie...................................................................................................................................2
1.6. Ligamenten..................................................................................................................................2
1.6.1. Capsulaire ligamenten..........................................................................................................2
1.6.2. Intercapsulair ligament........................................................................................................2
1.6.3. Beperkingen vd beweging....................................................................................................2
2. Myologie & beweging (herh).........................................................................................................3
3. Overzicht spieren (herh)................................................................................................................4
4. Kineosiologie.................................................................................................................................5
4.1. Arthrokinematica.........................................................................................................................5
4.1.1. Flexie....................................................................................................................................5
4.1.2. Extensie................................................................................................................................5
4.1.3. Abductie...............................................................................................................................5
4.1.4. Adductie...............................................................................................................................5
4.1.5. Endorotatie...........................................................................................................................6
4.1.6. Exorotatie.............................................................................................................................6
4.2. Stabiliteit heupgewricht...............................................................................................................6
4.2.1. Stabiliteit in frontaal vlak.....................................................................................................6
4.3. Anatomische structuur................................................................................................................6
4.3.1. Inclinatiehoek.......................................................................................................................6
4.3.2. Declinatiehoek......................................................................................................................6
4.3.3. Ligamenten...........................................................................................................................6
5. Dynamisch =/ statisch....................................................................................................................7
Kinesiologie vd heup
1
, 1. Osteo- & arthrologie (herh)
Heup : combinatie v 2 botstukken, 5 ligamenten & 21 spieren
3D- Beweging : in alle vlakken rond alle assen => kogelgewricht
Beweging femur tov bekken => stappen (OK)
Beweging bekken tov femur => voet aan de grond (GK)
Aantal spieren zorgen vr compessieve krachten & stabiliteit in gewricht
1.1. Rol-glij
Niet puur rol beweging MAAR naast rollen ook glijden => dankzij kraakbeenlaagje
- Caput femoris : ellipsvormig & volledig bedekt met kraakbeen
- Acetabulum : 3 bekkenbeenderen zorgen elk voor 1/3 vh acetabulum
- Labrum acetabulare : verdiept acetabulum
1.2. Stabiliteit
Bekomen door gewrichtskapsel & ligamenten (meer dan door omringde spieren)
Noodzakelijk vr activiteiten (wandelen, staan, lopen)
Functie ligamenten : zorgt ervoor dat gewricht in bepaalde richting wordt gestuurd &
bewegingen niet mogelijk is
Ligament scheurt : meer bewegingen mogelijk waar gewricht niet voor gemaakt is
1.3. Mechanische functies
Ankerpunt vr grote spieren vd romp & onderste lidmaat
Draagt krachten over vh onderste lidmaat nr bovenste lidmaat
Brengt gewicht vh bovenlichaam over via tuber ischiadica bij het zitten
Bekken ondersteunt bekkenbodem (ingewanden)
Vb : bal gooien in zit-stand => stand : 50% vd kracht komt uit de heup
1.4. Heuppathologie
3 groepen
Kinderen (congenitaal)
Jeugd & sportactieve populatie : overbelastingsletsels
Ouderen : fracturen & arthrose
1.5. Arthrologie
- Caput femoris : volledig in fossa acetabuli => door labrum acetabuli verdiept
- Gewrichtskapsel
- ligamenten
1.6. Ligamenten
Geen contractiel weefsel (niet elastisch => om beweging te beperken)
Taak : beweging af te remmen & gewricht stabiliseren
4 extra-capsulaire ligamenten= verdikking op kapsel
1 intra-capsulair ligament
1.6.1. Capsulaire ligamenten
Ventraal
- Lig. Iliofemorale= lig. Van Bertini
- Lig. Pubofemorale
Dorsaal
- Lig. Ischiofemorale
Peri-articulair : zona orbicularis (= ringvormige verdikking vh kapsel)
1.6.2. Intercapsulair ligament
- Lig. Capitis femoris
1.6.3. Beperkingen vd beweging
Lig. Iliofemorale
- Beperking vd exorotatie in flexie
2
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