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Samenvatting Spierstelsel

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Samenvatting over het spierstelsel bij het vak biologie.

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  • May 11, 2024
  • 9
  • 2023/2024
  • Summary
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Spierstelsel
Functie
1. Beweging skeletdelen
2. Handhaving houding (spiertonus, ‘tension’)
• Ondersteuning weke delen
3. Openen/sluiten ingangen
• Vb maagportier soms, urinewegen
4. Voortbeweging
• Lichaamsvloeistoffen, voedsel, lucht, baring
5. Handhaving lichaamstemperatuur
• Rillen  spieren in actie

3 types spierweefsel
Hartspierweefsel
 Onwillkeurig
Skeletspierweefsel
 Dwarsgestreept spierweefsel
 Willekeurig
Glad spierweefsel, vb maag
 Onwillekeurig

Morfologie van de spier

, Spieren bestaan uit
 Grote en kleinere spierbundels omgeven door spierbundelschedes,
o Die bestaan uit spiervezels omgeven door spiervezelschedes (macro).
Spiervezels bestaan op hun beurt uit
 Myofibrillen die sarcomeren bevatten,
o Sarcomeren zijn eenheden opgebouwd uit eiwitfilamenten (myosine en
actine) die zo gerangschikt zijn dat de spiercel een dwarse streping vertoont
(micro).




Spiercontractie
Prikkeloverdracht
 Zoals impulsgeleiding

Motorische eenheid
 = 1 motorisch neuron – meerdere spiervezels
 Vb oog: 2a3, been: 100
o Hoe minder hoe nauwkeuriger
 Spieren: vb geen pijn na lang zitten van motorische eenheden
wisselen elkaar af  geen vermoeidheid bij spiertonus

Contractiecyclus
Enkelvoudige samentrekking

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