Brain behavior and movement (BBS1004) cases, lecture, and practicals
2 views 0 purchase
Course
Brain behavior and movement (BBS1004)
Institution
Maastricht University (UM)
CASE 1 & LECTURE 3 & LECTURE 5 & LECTURE 6: BRAIN
HUMAN NEUROANATOMY PRACTICAL & SHEEP DISSECTION PRACTICAL
CASE 2: NEURAL COMMUNICATION
CASE 3 & LECTURE 7: VISION
CASE 4: BALANCE
CASE 5 & LECTURE 8: DECISION MAKING
CASE 6 & LECTURE 9: MOVEMENT
CASE 7: MOTOR CONTROL AREAS
MUSCLE ANATOMY PRA...
• Nervous system divides into CNS and PNS
o CNS → integration and command center of the body
o PNS → conveys the information between CNS and rest of the body
Somatic nervous system (SNS)
• Sensory fibers from the skin, skeletal muscles and joints
• Motor fibers to skeletal muscle
• Function: afferent and efferent information flow between CNS and periphery
Autonomic nervous system (ANS)
• Divides into 3; sympathetic nervous system, parasympathetic nervous system, enteric
nervous system
• Sympathetic = action/activity
• Parasympathetic = restoring balance
• Enteric = gut
• Function: involuntary motor control of organs and body functions
PART 2: MAJOR CNS COMPONENTS
1
,What are the major CNS components?
• CNS mainly consists of brain and the spinal cord and first 6 components are parts of the
brain
1. Cerebrum
2. Diencephalon
3. Midbrain (brainstem)
4. Pons (brainstem)
5. Medulla oblongata (brainstem)
6. Cerebellum
7. Spinal cord
• Three parts are common for all mammals: cerebrum, cerebellum, spinal cord
The cerebrum
• It is the largest part of the brain
• Functions are;
o Initiating movement
o Regulating temperature
o Enabling speech, judgment, thinking and reasoning, problem-solving, emotions
and learning
o Relates to senses (vision, hearing, touching…)
Grey matter and white matter
• Cerebrum contains white matter (in the center) and grey matter
o Grey matter (also called cerebral cortex) is associated with
processing and cognition
o White matter consists of glial cells and myelinated axons that
connect the various grey matter areas
Cerebral cortex
• Cerebral cortex is covered with gyri (folds) and sulci (grooves)
• Cerebral cortex is divided into two hemispheres; left and right
• Two hemispheres are joined by a large fissure called longitudinal fissure
(interhemispheric fissure)
• Right hemisphere controls the left side of the body and the left side controls the right
side of the body
• Two halves communicate with one another through a large C-shaped structure of white
matter and nerve pathways called the corpus callosum (located at the center of the
cerebrum)
2
, The cerebellum
• The functions are;
o Coordination of movement (receives information from other regions of the brain
and nervous system and uses the information)
o Balance
o Memory
o Proprioception
• Located at the back of the head; below the temporal and occipital lobes and above the
brainstem
• It is separated from this lobes by the tentorium cerebelli
• It consists of two hemispheres and a vermis that connects them
Grey matter and white matter
• Like other structures in the CNS, cerebellum also consists of grey and white matter
• Cerebellar cortex (grey matter);
o Layer containing folded tissue which contains most of the cerebellum’s neurons
• Cerebellar nuclei (white matter);
o Innermost part of the cerebellum containing nerve cells that communicate
information with the cerebellar cortex
o Embedded in the white matter there are four nuclei (dentate, emboliform, globose,
fastigial)
Brain stem
• It connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord
• It regulates
o Breathing
o Heart rate
o Balance
3
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller melinabarbut. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.19. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
