100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
PHARMACOLOGY DRUGS for ATI test, ATI LPN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Review| Questions Answered 100% Correct| Rated A $13.49   Add to cart

Exam (elaborations)

PHARMACOLOGY DRUGS for ATI test, ATI LPN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Review| Questions Answered 100% Correct| Rated A

 3 views  0 purchase
  • Course
  • ATI Pharmacology
  • Institution
  • ATI Pharmacology

Receptors - ANSWER Norepinephrine-Adrenergic (adrenergic comes from the word adrenalin) Alpha 1-all sympathetic target organs except the heart-constrict the blood vessels and dilation of pupils Alpha 2-Presynaptic adrenergic nerve terminal-inhibits the release of norepinephrine Beta 1-Heart and...

[Show more]

Preview 4 out of 145  pages

  • May 12, 2024
  • 145
  • 2023/2024
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • pharmacology
  • ATI Pharmacology
  • ATI Pharmacology
avatar-seller
Examsplug
PHARMACOLOGY DRUGS for ATI test, ATI LPN
Pharmacology Proctored Exam Review| Questions
Answered 100% Correct| Rated A
Receptors - ANSWER Norepinephrine-Adrenergic (adrenergic comes from the word adrenalin)
Alpha 1-all sympathetic target organs except the heart-constrict the blood vessels and dilation
of pupils
Alpha 2-Presynaptic adrenergic nerve terminal-inhibits the release of norepinephrine
Beta 1-Heart and Kidneys (BETA 1-ONE HEART)-increased heart rate and force of contraction,
release of renin
Beta 2-All sympathetic target organs-inhibits smooth muscle (BETA 2-TWO LUNGS)


Beta blockers/olol's - ANSWER Beta-Adrenergic Blockers
Metoprolol/Lopressor ENDING OLOL
Beta Blockers are use with heart failure, hypertension, angina and with myocardial infarctions.
Action = Blocks Beta-Receptors in the heart causing...
Decreases = HR, force of contraction, Rate of atrioventricular (AV) conduction
SE = Bradycardia, lethargy, GI disturbance, congestive heart failure, decrease BP, depression


The beta blockers stop sympathetic nervous system stimulation of the heart. Does not allow
the heart rate and blood pressure to rise with stress thus lowering the oxygen demand of the
heart. It is very heart protective!
Will slow the heart rate and lower the blood pressure
Can have beta 2 blockage with larger doses-will constrict the bronchioles-watch for clients with
known COPD, Asthma


Nursing Interventions
Check pulse-needs to be 60 or above

,Check blood pressure-if hypotensive do not give (Systolic below 100 is a good rule of thumb I go
by)
Monitor for sexual dysfunction-impotence for men-a good reason for non-compliance
Drowsiness/Fatigue-operating heavy machinery, driving could put client at risk
Insomnia-
Contraindicated with Heart Blocks, Bradycardia, Worsening Heart Failure
Increases Hypoglycemic effect of Insulin-monitor blood sugars and for hypoglycemia, may need
to lower insulin dosage
Beta Blockers have to be weaned slowly to prevent rebound hypertension and tachycardia-if a
client wants to stop his beta-blocker they need to contract their physician


CCB,/calcium channel blockers - ANSWER Nifedipine/Adalat/Procardia/Norvasc-controls blood
vessels


Diltiazem/Cardizem
Verapamil/Calan/Isoptin/Verelan-controls heart rate and blood vessels


Angina/Raynaud's/Vasospastic Angina/Atrial Arrhythmia's


Blocks calcium channels in the myocardial and vascular smooth muscles, decreases the
contraction of smooth muscle-relaxes the arteries-vasodilation. Blocking of calcium channels in
the SA and AV node-Slows conduction through the SA and AV node. Decreases the force of
contraction slows heart rate


Grapefruit juice may increase absorption of nifedipine


Side Effects: Relaxes smooth muscle and cardiac muscle-
Headache
Dizziness-Take lying, sitting and standing B/P, educate client to sit and stand slowly

,Peripheral edema-assess for edema, monitor for worsening (diuretic)
Flushing
Reflex tachycardia-monitor for elevated heart rate (may need a BB)
Constipation-increase fibers and fluids (if not restricted) stool softener
Fatigue-Due to low heart rate-monitor EKG, pulse rate and rhythm
Weakness-Monitor B/P and Heart Rate
Impotence and sexual dysfunction-Discuss possibility with client-have client to call and not just
to stop medications
Hepatotoxicity-ALT, AST, ALK PHOS, Bilirubin
MI-Monitor for chest pain, dyspnea, increases fatigue, weakness
CHF-Monitor for chest pain, dyspnea, edema, increasing weight, decreasing output, increasing
HR and B/P
Angioedema-edema in face, throat, trouble swallowing, trouble breathing, thickened tongue
Grapefruit juice may increase absorption of nifedipine


Acute Toxicity
With an overdose or overmedicated
Gastric lavage
Monitor EKG-bradycardia-widening QRS, hypotension
Norepinephrine to treat hypotension and decreased cardiac contractility
Atropine or Isoproterenol-Bradycardia and Cardiac Blocks


Verapamil (Calan, Covera, Isoptin Verelan)
Class IV antidysrhythmic
Calcium channel blocker
Inhi


Pril/ace inhibitors - ANSWER Enalapril/Vasotec

, PRIL-is the ending for ace's
Reduces Angiotensin 2 and aldosterone levels
Prevents Angiotensin 1 from converting to Angiotensin 2 in the lungs-leaves the Angiotensin 1
hanging in the lungs-creates irritation-cough
Vasodilation-mostly arteriole (decreases afterload)
Excretion of sodium and water-retention of K (decreases preload)
Treats hypertension and heart failure
Do not take 2nd and 3rd Trimester of pregnancy


SE = Angioedema-allergic reaction-swelling of tongue, throat-stop taking and notify md
Hyperkalemia-monitor for widening and slowing of pulse/qrs, weakness, fatigue, avoid high K
foods, AVOID SALT SUBSTITUTES-usually very high in K, avoid potassium sparing diuretics, sport
drinks are high in K also
Orthostatic Hypotension-teach client to sit and stand slowly, enact fall precautions
Neutropenia/Agranulocytosis-monitor CBC-WBC count, reoccurring infections
Renal Insufficiency-Monitor weight, edema, I/O, BUN, Cr, and GFR
Hepatic Insufficiency-Monitor AST, ALT, ALK PHOS, Bilirubin
Cough-Cough lozenges, hard candy, increase fluid intake, sleep with HOB elevated,
antihistamines


ACE Inhibitors


Discussed these medications with hypertension


Arb's-Angiotensin receptor blockers, sartan's
No Cough, same effects and side effects as Ace's-just not as potent


Sartan's/angiotension blockers/arb's - ANSWER ...

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Examsplug. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $13.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

78998 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling
$13.49
  • (0)
  Add to cart