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Summary Finance & Accounting; A Basic Introduction

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  • Course
  • Finance & Accounting
  • Institution
  • Fontys Hogeschool (Fontys)
  • Book
  • Accounting & Finance

Finance & Accounting; A basic Introduction, is completely summarized in this document, which includes theory, formulas, examples and additional information from PowerPoint slides.

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Document information

  • No
  • Chapter 1-8
  • April 7, 2019
  • 15
  • 2018/2019
  • Summary

Subjects

  • finance
  • accounting
  • balance sheet
  • income statement
  • cash flow statement
  • time value of money
  • stocks
  • bonds
  • dividents
  • income
  • taxes
  • ratios
  • financial ratios
  • debt
  • equity
  • university
  • summary
  • profit
  • fontys
  • exam

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  • Fontys Hogeschool (Fontys)
  • International Business and Management Studies / IB
  • Finance & Accounting
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Finance; introduction

Exam (open questions) module 2A (=3 ECTS)

 Grade ≥ 5.5 is required to pass
 Exam + Assignment Stock Portfolio module 2B (=3 ECTS)
 Knowing and implementing the formula = 10 points

Financial statements

Balance sheet, Income statement, Cash flow statement

Financial analysis

Financial ratios, Valuation ratios

Financial management

Time value of money, Financing



Lecture 1; balance sheet

Financial records provide information for stakeholders like Shareholders, Management, Employees,
Authorities, Special interest groups, Creditors.

The balance sheet = An overview that shows the financial situation of a business at a particular
moment.

January 31, 2019

Debit: assets Credit: Equity and Liabilities
The resources that the business owns at a The sources: how the assets are financed and
certain moment where the money came from
Balance Sheet must be always in equilibrium.

January 31, 2019

, Non-current assets (fixed assets) = those assets that can be used more than once e.g. building and
equipment.

 Depreciation of non-current assets must be taken into account. Depreciation = a method of
reallocating the cost of a tangible asset over its useful life span of it being in motion (-> an
expense).

Current assets can only be used once e.g. inventory and cash

 Accounts receivable = amounts owed to the firm (claims on customers)



Equity = the amount of money the owner(s) have invested in the company.

 Depends on legal form of business (lecture 4)

Non-current liabilities = a company’s long-term financial obligations that are not due within the
present accounting year e.g. long-term debt.

Current liabilities = all liabilities of the business that are to be settled in cash within the fiscal year
e.g. short-term debt.

 Accounts payable = amounts owed to suppliers

Equity increases if Equity decreases if
Direct investment by the owner Direct capital withdrawal by the owner
(issuing new shares)
Reinvesting profit in the business Loss


Leads to two ways to calculate equity:

 1) Equity = Assets – All liabilities (debts)

 2) Equity = Original Equity +/- Profits (Losses) +
Capital injections – Capital withdrawals

Company trades in products: Buy at €5, Sell at €8.

Look at examples from PPT 1.

 Redemption payments are no costs!
 Depreciation of non-current assets are not payments!

Lesson 2; income statement

An income statement shows the revenues and expenses (the profit or loss) over a certain period.

Revenues: value of goods sold - Expenses: value of production means used = Profit

Everything you consume this year.

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