Exam (elaborations)
DENTAL HYGIENE OSCE QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
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DENTAL HYGIENE OSCE QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
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Bass Method Most widely used method. Bristles are angled at a 45degree angel towards the gingiva.
Stillman's Method Bristles are positioned on the gums rather than into the
pockets and directed at a 45 degree angle.
Charter's Method Bristles are directed occlusally, away from the gingiva.
Useful for cleaning orthodontic brackets, prosthesis,
and areas treated with surgeries.
Fone's Method Bristles are moved in large circular motion on the
buccal and lingual surfaces. Useful for children, those
physically impaired, or adults who lack manual dexterity.
Fluoride Varnish -Dries immediately upon contact with saliva.
-Does not require a professional prophylaxis before
hand.
-Can eat and drink immediately after.
-Avoid brushing, rigorous rinsing, or hard foods for 3 to
4 hours.
-Easier and more effective method
Fluoride is recommended
for patients who:-Have xerostomia
-High caries risk
-Undergoing cancer therapy
-Orthodontics
Fluoride Gel or Foam
(office application)-Applied onto tray and placed in patient's mouth usually
for 4 minutes (Read manufactures label).
-Do not eat, drink, or smoke for 30 minutes.
-Most popular types are 1.23% APF and 2% Neutral
sodium fluoride.
Stannous Fluoride -0.4% available for non-prescription use.
-1% neutral sodium fluoride gels available for
prescription use.
-Can cause extrinsic staining (especially in patient's
with inadequate plaque control).
Acidulated Phosphate
Fluoride (APF)-Do NOT use of composites, porcelain, or sealant
materials as it causing pitting and roughening.
-Also avoid on root surfaces.
Neutral Sodium Fluoride Agent of choice on root caries, implants, cosmetic
restorations, and reduced salivary flow.
Second trimester safest trimester for dental treatment. Pregnancy gingivitis -Caused by an elevation of hormones estrogen and
progesterone. Hormones increase can cause
exaggerated gingival response to microorganisms.
Pyrogenic granuloma
(Pregnancy tumor)localized area of gingival enlargement, typically
involving interdental papilla, usually diminishes after
delivery of baby.
What category of LA can
use administer to a
pregnant patient?Category B (lidocaine and prilocaine)
Can you use Nitrous oxide
sedation and general
sedation on a pregnant
patient?relative contraindication (gas interferes with the
absorption of B-12 and other nutrients).
Early Childhood Caries
(ECC) index-presence of 1 or more areas of decay on a child
younger than 6 years of age
Severe-Early Childhood
Caries (S-ECC) index-Presence of decay in a child younger than 3 years old.
When should a child's first
dental appointment occur?-Within 6 months of the eruption of the first tooth or
before 1-year of age.
When should you first start
brushing a child's teeth?-When the first tooth appears.
Erosion causes -Anorexia Nervosa
-Bulimia Nervosa
Anorexia Nervosa extreme weight loss caused by self-starvation,
excessive exercise, use of laxatives, self-induced
vomiting.
Bulimia Nervosa compulsive disorder that involves periods of starvation,
binging, and purging.
Signs and Symptoms of
erosion-dental caries from vomiting
-Perimolysis: erosion from vomiting mostly on the
maxillary lingual surfaces. Raised appearance of
restoration margins.
Abrasion -V-shaped notch in the gingival portion of the facial
aspect of the tooth. -Results from forces of friction between the teeth or
external objects.
-Can happen from improper brushing technique or the
use of a toothpick or pipe.
Attrition -Results from forces between the teeth.
-Wear on the incised and occlusal surfaces from
grinding.
Abfraction -Biomechanical destruction related to fatigue, flexure,
and deformation of tooth structure.
-Can appear as a wedge-shaped lesion at the cervical
third of the tooth.
What is the most effective
public health measure to
prevent tooth decay?Community Water Fluoridation
New recommended level of
fluoride is?0.7 ppm
Old level of fluoride is? 0.7-1.2 ppm
HIV can cause: -Linear gingival erythema
-Kaposi Sarcoma
-Delayed healing
-Larger than usual ulcers
-Candidiasis
-Etc.
Diabetes can cause: -Delayed healing
-Periodontal disease
-Candidiasis
-Etc.
ASA 1 Normal, Healthy
ASA 2 Pt. with mild systemic diseases.
-Allergies
-Controlled hypertension
-Asthma
-Mild obesity
-Pregnancy
-Cigarette smoking without COPD
-Diabetes without systemic effects
ASA 3 Pt. with severe systemic disease and some functional
limitation.
-Controlled disease of more than one body system -Controlled CHF
-Poorly controlled hypertension
-Morbid obesity
-Respiratory Problems (COPD)
-Stable angina
ASA 4 Pt with severe systemic disease that is a constant
threat to life.
-Possible risk of death
-Unstable angina
-Symptomatic COPD and CHF
ASA 5 Moribund patient not expected to survive for more than
24 hours without surgery.
ASA 6 Brain dead pt.
Radiolucency Dark areas on the film. Produced by less dense
structures that allows the passage of x-rays. (i.e. cysts)
Radiopaque Light areas on the film. Produced by denser structures.
(i.e. Lamina Dura)
Overlap inappropriate horizontal angulation
Foreshortening too much vertical angulation
Elongation not enough vertical angulation
Mark across film bent film
Circular white boarder on
filmCone cut
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