Complete samenvatting van het vak economie gedoceerd in het eerste jaar sociaal werk aan Arteveldehogeschool.
Ik haalde hiermee 14/20 in eerste zit.
Docent: Christophe Timbremont
Caro Van Herrewegen Economie als menswetenschap 1PBASOW
Economie als menswetenschap – examen januari
Inhoud
Deel 1: De economische bril(len)............................................................................................................5
Hoofdstuk 3: Economische theorieën.....................................................................................................5
3.1 De grondleggers............................................................................................................................5
3.1.1 De klassieke school................................................................................................................5
3.1.2 Het Marxisme........................................................................................................................6
3.1.3 Het Keynesianisme (1883-1946)............................................................................................8
3.2 De opvolgers.................................................................................................................................8
3.2.1 Het monetarisme...................................................................................................................8
3.2.2 De behavioristische school – Herbert Simon.........................................................................9
3.3 De nieuwste lichting.....................................................................................................................9
3.3.1 Tim Jackson (°1957)...............................................................................................................9
3.3.2 Ha-Joon Chang (°1963)........................................................................................................10
3.3.3 Thomas Piketty (°1971)........................................................................................................10
3.3.4 Kate Raworth (°1970)...........................................................................................................11
Deel 2: De grote bewegingen, groepen en keuzes...............................................................................12
Hoofdstuk 4: De bewegingen van de economie...................................................................................12
4.1 De economische kringloop.........................................................................................................12
4.1.1 De eenvoudige kringloop.....................................................................................................12
4.1.2 De volledige kringloop.........................................................................................................13
4.2 Nationale rekeningen.................................................................................................................13
4.2.1 Het bruto binnenlands product (BBP)..................................................................................13
4.2.2 Het bruto nationaal product (BNP)......................................................................................14
4.2.3 Het bruto nationaal inkomen (BNI)......................................................................................14
4.2.4 De koopkrachtpariteit (KKP)................................................................................................14
4.2.5 Problemen bij het berekenen van de nationale rekeningen................................................15
4.2.6 Ontwikkeling meten.............................................................................................................15
4.2.7 De indicator van het consumentenvertrouwen...................................................................16
4.3 De verschillende economische golfbewegingen.........................................................................16
Deel 3: De markt en zijn spelers...........................................................................................................17
Hoofdstuk 8: De consument.................................................................................................................17
8.1 De rationele consument.............................................................................................................17
8.2 De niet zo rationele consument..................................................................................................18
8.2.1 Het menselijk denken (bij aankoopbeslissingen).................................................................18
Economie 1
,Caro Van Herrewegen Economie als menswetenschap 1PBASOW
8.2.2 De rol van reclame...............................................................................................................19
8.2.3 De rol van de consumptiemaatschappij...............................................................................20
8.3 Het rationele keuzeproces..........................................................................................................21
8.3.1 Het nutsconcept..................................................................................................................21
8.3.2 De afweging tussen wat je wil en wat je kan kopen............................................................21
8.3.3 Soorten beslissingsprocessen..............................................................................................22
8.4 De vraagcurve.............................................................................................................................23
8.4.1 De vraagcurve van een goed of dienst.................................................................................23
8.4.2 Verandering van en op de vraagcurve.................................................................................23
8.4.3 Consumentensurplus...........................................................................................................23
8.5 Elasticiteit...................................................................................................................................24
8.5.1 De prijselasticiteit van de vraag...........................................................................................24
8.5.2 Kruisprijselasticiteit van de vraag........................................................................................25
8.5.3 Inkomenselasticiteit.............................................................................................................25
Hoofdstuk 9: De producent..................................................................................................................26
9.1 De economische sectoren...........................................................................................................26
9.1.1 Verdeling..............................................................................................................................26
9.1.2 Het belang van de sectoren.................................................................................................26
9.2 De onderneming.........................................................................................................................26
9.2.1 Eigendomsstructuur.............................................................................................................27
9.2.2 Inspraak binnen ondernemingen.........................................................................................27
9.2.3 (Juridische) vormen van ondernemingen............................................................................27
9.2.4 Concentratie van ondernemingen.......................................................................................28
9.2.5 Transnationale ondernemingen...........................................................................................29
9.2.6 Directe buitenlandse investeringen door TNO’s..................................................................30
9.3 Productie en investeringen.........................................................................................................31
9.4 Productiviteit..............................................................................................................................31
9.5 Kosten.........................................................................................................................................32
9.6 Winstvorming.............................................................................................................................33
9.6.1 De perfecte competitieve markt..........................................................................................33
9.6.2 Gemiddelde opbrengst, marginale opbrengst en prijs.........................................................34
9.6.3 Winstmaximalisatie..............................................................................................................34
9.7 Het aanbod.................................................................................................................................34
9.7.1 Het individuele aanbod........................................................................................................34
9.7.2 Het totale aanbod................................................................................................................34
9.7.3 Verschuiving op en van de aanbodcurve.............................................................................35
Economie 2
,Caro Van Herrewegen Economie als menswetenschap 1PBASOW
9.7.4 Producentensurplus.............................................................................................................35
Hoofdstuk 10: De markt.......................................................................................................................35
10.1 Competitie versus niet-competitieve markten.........................................................................36
10.2 De marktprijs............................................................................................................................36
10.3 De wetten van vraag en aanbod...............................................................................................36
10.4 De wet van King........................................................................................................................37
10.5 Overheidsinterventies op de markt en hun effecten................................................................37
10.5.1 Maximumprijzen of het blokkeren van prijzen..................................................................37
10.5.2 Minimumprijzen................................................................................................................37
10.5.3 Belastingen en subsidies....................................................................................................37
Hoofdstuk 11: Marktmacht..................................................................................................................37
11.1 Het probleem van de collectieve goederen..............................................................................37
11.2 Het monopolie..........................................................................................................................38
11.3 Monopolistische mededinging..................................................................................................38
11.4 Oligopolie..................................................................................................................................38
11.4.1 Karteldiscipline..................................................................................................................39
11.5 Monopsonie..............................................................................................................................39
Deel 4: Over het slijk der aarde............................................................................................................39
Hoofdstuk 12: Het geldwezen..............................................................................................................39
12.1 Soorten geld.............................................................................................................................39
12.1.1 Klassiek papiergeld............................................................................................................39
12.1.2 Moderne betaalmethoden................................................................................................39
12.1.3 Cryptomunten....................................................................................................................40
12.2 De banken.................................................................................................................................40
12.2.1 De handelsbanken.............................................................................................................40
12.2.2 De investeringsbanken.......................................................................................................40
12.2.3 De Centrale/nationale bank...............................................................................................40
12.3 Geldschepping door kredietverlening.......................................................................................41
Hoofdstuk 13: Inflatie...........................................................................................................................41
13.1 Gevolgen van inflatie................................................................................................................41
13.2 Oorzaken van inflatie................................................................................................................42
13.3 De geldhoeveelheid en inflatie.................................................................................................42
13.4 De index....................................................................................................................................43
13.4.1 Wat?..................................................................................................................................43
13.4.2 Punten en procenten.........................................................................................................44
13.4.3 Automatische indexering van de lonen..............................................................................44
Economie 3
, Caro Van Herrewegen Economie als menswetenschap 1PBASOW
Deel 5: Intussen bij de buren................................................................................................................44
Hoofdstuk 14: Internationale economie...............................................................................................44
14.1 internationale handel...............................................................................................................44
14.2 De betalingsbalans....................................................................................................................44
14.3 Economische integratie............................................................................................................45
14.3.1 Vrijehandelszone...............................................................................................................45
14.3.2 Douane-unie......................................................................................................................45
14.3.3 Gemeenschappelijke markt...............................................................................................45
14.3.4 Economische unie..............................................................................................................45
14.3.5 Totale economische integratie..........................................................................................45
15.1 De Europese Unie.....................................................................................................................45
15.1.1 Ontstaan............................................................................................................................45
15.1.2 Lidstaten van de EU...........................................................................................................46
15.2 GATT en WHO...........................................................................................................................46
15.3 De UNCTAD (united nations conference on trade and development)......................................46
15.4 De OESO (organisatie voor economische samenwerking en ontwikkeling)..............................46
15.5 De groep van 8/20....................................................................................................................46
Hoofdstuk 16: Internationale financiële organisaties...........................................................................47
16.1 Het IMF.....................................................................................................................................47
16.1.1 Gewone trekkingsrechten..................................................................................................48
16.1.2 Speciale trekkingsrekening (SDR).......................................................................................48
16.1.3 Kredietverstrekking via het IMF.........................................................................................48
16.2 De Wereldbank.........................................................................................................................48
16.3 De Europese Centrale Bank (ECB) en de Europese Investeringsbank (EIB)...............................49
Hoofdstuk 17: Ontwikkelingslanden.....................................................................................................49
17.1 Kort overzicht van de economische evolutie van de ontwikkelingslanden...............................49
17.1.1 De koloniale erfenis...........................................................................................................49
17.1.2 De eerste stappen van de onafhankelijke economieën.....................................................49
17.1.3 De klap van de oliecrisis en het neoliberalisme.................................................................50
17.2 Structurele nadelen zijn relatief................................................................................................50
Economie 4
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