Biology 235 Final Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers 2024/2025
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Course
Biology 235
Institution
Biology 235
Biology 235 Final Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers 2024/2025
What is afterload with regards to artery anatomy?
Elastic arteries - stretch and recoil during pressure pulses
Amount of elasticity determines force of afterload
How do arterioles affect afterload?
Provide vascular resist...
Formed elements
red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets
Blood cell production
hemopoesis, mainly occurs in red bone marrow after birth
Reticulocyte
from proerythrocyte, ejects nucleus
Average lifespan of an erythrocyte
120 days
, Rate of RBC formation by red blood cells
equals the rate of RBC destruction by macrophages
Emigration or diapedesis is
the process by which phagocytic cells leave blood vessels
WBCs use to destroy pathogens
lysozyme, defensins, and certain anions
Neutrophils
are usually the first and most numerous responders to an infection
Macrophages
react more slowly to an infection than neutrophils do
Pluripotent stem cells are derived from
mesenchyme
Megakaryoblasts
platelet precursor cells, develop into megakaryocytes
Platelet
fragment of megakaryocyte that is enclosed by a piece of plasma membrane
Platelet plug
can stop blood loss completely if the hole in a blood vessel is small enough
Hemostasis
sequence of responses that stops bleeding, vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, blood clotting
Blood clot
gel that contains formed elements of the blood entangled in fibrin threads
In blood clotting
coagulation factors are activated in sequence, resulting in a cascade of reactions that includes positive
feedback cycles
Extrinsic pathway of blood clotting
fewer steps, thromboplastic leaks into the blood from cells outside (extrinsic to) blood vessels and
initiates the formation of prothrombinase
Intrinsic pathway of blood clotting
more complex, occurs more slowly, activators are in direct contact with blood or contained within
(intrinsic to) the blood. Outside tissue damage is not needed.
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