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Biology 235: Exam 3 Questions With 100% Correct Answers

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Biology 235: Exam 3 Questions With 100% Correct Answers Nonspecific Resistance (Innate Immunity) present at birth; includes defense mechanisms that provide general protection against invasion by a wide range of pathogens Immunity (Adaptive Immunity) involves activation of specific lymphocyt...

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  • May 17, 2024
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Biology 235: Exam 3 Questions With 100%
Correct Answers
Nonspecific Resistance (Innate Immunity)
present at birth; includes defense mechanisms that provide general protection against invasion by a
wide range of pathogens


Immunity (Adaptive Immunity)
involves activation of specific lymphocytes that combat a particular pathogen


lymphatic system
the body system that carries out immune responses is the ____________ ______________.


innate immunity
refers to a wide variety of body responses that serve to protect us against invasion of a wide variety
of pathogens and their toxins


1. Skin and Mucous Membrane
2. Internal Defenses
What are the two lines of defense in innate immunity?


Mechanical Defenses
1st line of defense (Innate Immunity)

Skin, mucous membranes, tears, saliva, mucous, cilia, epiglottis, urine flow, defecation, vomiting


Chemical Defenses
1st line of dense (Innate Immunity)

Sebum, lysozyme, gastric juice, etc.


Internal Defenses
2nd line of defense (Innate immunity)

Antimicrobial proteins, phagocytes (macrophages & neutrophils), NK cells, inflammatory response,
fever


INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE
A. Histamine
B. Increased
C. Inflammation
D. Spreading
E. Fighting
F. Neutrophils
In response to injury, basophils (in blood) and mast cells (in tissues) derived from basophils release
_______A_______, which causes vasodilation and ______B______ permeability of blood vessels.
Fluid leaks into tissues, causing local _____C_____ and warmth in the tissue. Inflammation walls of
the infection which prevents it from _____D_____. Warmth increases the metabolism of WBCs that

, are ______E_____ the infection. Chemicals released in the infected tissue attract phagocytes cells
(macrophages and _____F____) to move into the tissue from the bloodstream.


adaptive immunity
is the ability of the body to defend itself against specific invading agents


A. Antigens
B. Viruses
in adaptive immunity:
_____A_____ are chemicals that provoke immune responses
_____A_____ can be molecules (proteins), on the cell surface component of _____B____, and
bacterial toxins


1. Cell-mediated: Cytotoxic T Cell lymphocytes
2. Antibody-mediated: B cell lymphocytes
adaptive immunity has both specificity and memory and is divided into 2 types. What are they?


Cell-mediated: Cytotoxic T Cell lymphocytes
adaptive immunity:

attack virally infected cells and cancer cells


Antibody-mediated: B cell lymphocytes
adaptive immunity

respond to specific infections by developing into antibody producing plasma cells


memory
_____________ T cells and B cells "remember" the infections if the body is infected again by the same
pathogen


cytokines
helper t cells produce __________ that activate cytotoxic T cells, B cells and other parts of the
immune system


A. T
B. B
memory _____A_____ cells and ____B____ cells give the body adaptive immunity to specific viral and
bacterial infections


plasma
B cell lymphocytes become __________ cells, which produce antibodies that attach to antigens on
pathogens


AIDS
is a condition in which a person experiences an assortment of infections due to the progressive
destruction of primarily helper T cells by HIV

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