WGU C224 2024 UPDATE COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS
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integration
consolidating insights from mult. investigators, theories/ perspectives, sets of data, methods in order to
understand a given entity of a study (class, school, etc) Two perspectives emic and etic
two perspectives of integration
emic and etic
Emic perspective
insider' perspective, meanings and views of those studied. inside the head of group members
etic perspective
external, social scientific perspective. perspective of the objective researcher. used to bring research
questions from outside and uses social scientific concepts to describe or explain behavior
provide accurate description of status or characteristics of phenom. relating variables that exist in a
given situation to relevant relationships that exist among
3 common steps of descriptive research
1. randomly select sample from defined pop.
2. determine sample characteristics
3. infer characteristics of pop. based on sample
understanding
attempt to learn about and generate ideas about specific phenom. something that was little known and
try to discover important factors or generate new ideas.
explanatory research
,testing hypothesis and theories that explain the functions of phenom. in detail. strongest form of
research for evidence of cause and effect.
predictive research
predict future state of 1 or more dependent v on basis of one or more independent v
basic research
focus on generating fundamental knowledge and theoretical understanding. Often experimental and in
tightly controlled environment. builds foundation for further research.
applied research
answering real world practical questions in order to provide relatively immediate solutions. often leads
to intervention programs
evaluation research
how well a social or ed program works in real world and improvement possibilities (two types
summative and formative)
Importance of educational research
develop critical thinking, evaluate elements of studies to reduce bias, ask questions regarding evidence
Major Divisions of the AERA
A. admin, organization, and leadership
B. curricular studies
C. Learning and instruction
D. measurement and research methodology
E. counseling and human development
F. history
G. social context of ed
H. research, eval, and assess in schools
I. education in the professions
J. post secondary ed
K. teaching and teacher ed
L. educational policy and politics
summative evaluation research
judgement of effectiveness and continuation or program
formative evaluation research
developing judgments on how a program can be improved and design/implementation
action research
, addressing and solving specific problems in schools/community. research directly withing the class/work
environment
oriental research
collecting info to aid in advancing ideological, political, or orientation the researcher believes will
improve society. "giving a voice"
two main sources of knowledge
experience and reasoning
epistemology (in general)
studying knowledge itself- including nature, process of generation, and how it is necessary and the
standards used to judge adequacy
empiricism
ideal that all knowledge comes from experience. learn from observing and doing "car is blue because i
saw it"
reasoning
idea that reason is primary source of knowledge aka rationalism. thinking about an idea and develop
understanding through logic and analysis
two major types of reasoning
deductive and inductive
deductive reasoning
drawing conclusion that is essentially true if underlying premises are true
inductive reasoning
foundational premises act as helpful but not decisive reasons towards acceptance of a conclusion
1. world that can be studied
2. some of world is unique, reg. and predictable, much is dynamic/complex
3. all of it, unique, reg, and dynamic can be studies
4. researchers follow certain agreed upon norms
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