Portage Learning Patho Module 1 Review || Already Graded A+.

What is the definition of pathophysiology? correct answers Pathophysiology is defined as not only the cellular and organ changes that occur with disease, but also the effects that these changes have on total body function. Name the 5 etiologic factors and give an example if listed. correct answers Biologic agents (bacteria, viruses), physical forces (trauma, burns, radiation), chemical agents (poisons, alcohol), one's genetic inheritance, and nutritional excesses or deficiencies. What are the 2 types of risk factors? correct answers Risk factors can be categorized as congenital conditions (present at birth) or acquired defects (occurring after birth) What is the difference between morphology and histology? correct answers Morphology is defined as the fundamental structure or form of cells or tissues. Histology is the study of the cells and extracellular matrix of body tissues. Describe the difference between signs and symptoms and give an example of each. correct answers A symptom is a subjective complaint, for example pain, trouble breathing, or dizziness. A sign is an objective manifestation, for example an elevated temperature, a swollen extremity, or changes in pupil size. What are 3 important processes when coming to a diagnosis? correct answers The diagnostic process requires a careful history, physical examination (PE), and sometimes diagnostic tests. Explain validity, reliability, sensitivity, and specificity. correct answers Validity is how a tool measures what it is intended to measure. Reliability is how likely the same result will occur if repeated. Sensitivity is the proportion of people with a disease who are positive for that disease. Specificity are people without the disease who are negative on a given test. Define epidemiology and name some things that it tracks. correct answers Epidemiology is the study of disease occurrence in human populations. It tracks age, race, dietary habits, lifestyle, or geographic location. What is the difference between incidence and prevalence? correct answers Incidence is the number of new cases in a population at risk during a specified time. Prevalence is the number of people with the disease in a population in a given time. Define mortality and morbidity. correct answers Morbidity is the effect of an illness on one's life. Mortality statistics deal with the cause of death in a population. Define primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention and give an example of each. correct answers Primary prevention is to remove risk factors to prevent disease from occurring- taking folic acid while pregnant to prevent neural tube defects, vaccinating children to prevent communicable