Presentation
Warfare Through Time Battles
- Course
- Institution
This is the best powerpoint for GCSE Edxcel Warfare Through Time battles, I love history and created these from my lessons and personal notes.
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
williamjohnson17
Content preview
History – WarfareThrough Time
, The Battle of Falkirk, 1298
Context of the battle
• The Battle of Falkirk was between the Scottish (led by William Wallace) and the English (led by Edward I), the English
primarily won due to the use of a new weapon, the longbow.
• Scottish had around 10,000 troops and English had around 14,000 troops
• William Wallace had previously defeated the English at Stirling Bridge and so was likely confident for a second victory, this
may be why he fought the battle despite being outnumbered by around 4,000 men.
1) Scottish infantry were arranged in rings called schiltrons, for defence against a cavalry charge, they were positioned at the
top of a ridge, with archers positioned between the schiltrons and cavalry grouped together on the far right of the
battlefield.
2) At the start of the battle the English mounted knights charged uphill to attack the Scottish cavalry, the Scottish cavalry were
hugely outnumbered and so were chased off the battlefield, the remainder of Edward’s cavalry charged the archers between
the Scottish schiltrons. Many of these men were either chased off the battlefield, fled into the forest, or took refuge inside
the large schiltrons.
3) The cavalry charges were disorganised yet successful, with individual knights often trying to show off their valour. Edward
then ordered the cavalry to charge the four schiltrons, they charged repeatedly but could not break them. The spearmen
were close together and had support from surviving archers.
4) Edward then ordered the longbowmen to fire arrows at the schiltrons, thousands of arrows fired and as the Scottish
spearmen did not wear armour/helmets (as it weighed them down) they were very vulnerable to arrows. As these spearmen
died gaps appeared in the Scottish ranks which could be penetrated by English cavalry and infantry.
5) The English cavalry and infantry entered these gaps and engaged the Scots in melee (hand to hand) combat, the spears
were too long and heavy for this form of combat and so they took many losses. They tried to retreat to Callender Wood,
thousands of them died.
Wallace’s successes
Edward’s successes
• Use of schiltrons which countered the English mounted
• Supplied his campaigning army by sea.
• Positioning his forces on a ridge, his rear protected by
• Outmanoeuvred Wallace to attack him from his flanks.
• Longbowmen perfectly countered lightly armoured Scottish Wood.
Wallace’s failures
schiltrons.
• Failing to protect his flanks.
Edward’s failures
• Deciding to fight despite being outnumbered.
• Had little control over cavalry as they tried to showcase valour
• Not controlling his nobles (mostly mounted knight
and strength, but it worked out well for him.
deserted.
• Not using his remaining cavalry and archers effectivel
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller williamjohnson17. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.30. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
79316 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now