Fluid and Electrolytes (Exam 3) Questions With Verified Answers Sodium Lab Value - answer✔✔135-145 mEq /L Potassium Lab Value - answer✔✔3.5-5.0 mEq/L Chloride Lab Value - answer✔✔98-106 mEq/L Magnesium Lab Value - answer✔✔1.5-2.5 mEq/L BUN - answer✔✔10-20 Fluid - answer✔✔water that contains substances such as glucose, mineral salts (electrolytes), and prote ins. electrolyte - answer✔✔is a compound that separates into ions when it dissolves in water 60% - answer✔✔What percent of body weight does water make up for an adult male? - outside of the cells - 1/3 total body water - contains Na, Cl, and HCO3 (Bicarbonate) - 3 parts: intravascular fluid, interstitial fluid, transcellular fluid (CSF, peritoneal, pleural, synovial) - answer✔✔- inside the cells - 2/3 total body water - balance maintained primarily through the cell membr ane's permeability - contains K, Mg, Phosphates, and Proteins osmolality - answer✔✔the concentration of particles in water (particles per kg) tonicity - answer✔✔the measure of osmotic pressure gradient between two solutions. It is influenced by solutes th at cannot cross the semipermeable membrane isotonic - answer✔✔same concentration as blood in this type of solution, cells maintain their normal size and ther is no loss or gain of water hypotonic - answer✔✔more dilute than blood in this type of solution, c ells swell rapidly and water rushes into them and they may burst hypertonic - answer✔✔more concentrated than blood in this type of solution, cells lose water and shrink Age, environment, dietary intake, lifestyle, medications (prescription, OTC, and herbal ), recent surgeries or recent stressful events, GI output, acute illness or trauma, chronic illness - answer✔✔F&E Assessment: Patient Nursing and Medical History -Daily weights (use the same conditions each time, good indicator of fluid status) -Fluid I&O (24 hr Intake and output, compare the intake vs output) -Laboratory studies (diagnostic electrolyte levels) - answer✔✔Name the 3 main physical assessments of F&E balance •VS: hypotension, light -headed when sitting or standing à ECV deficit •Wt: Loss or gai n of 2.2 lbs in a 24 hour period à ECV deficit or excess •Pulse: rapid and thread à deficit; Bounding à excess •Neck veins: Flat à deficit; Full or distended à excess •Capillary refill: sluggish à deficit •Lungs: crackles à excess - answer✔✔What would you see in your assessment findings? What would that indicate? A fluid deficit or fluid excess? Nursing Diagnosis - answer✔✔-Fluid Imbalance -Dehydration -Electrolyte Imbalance -Acid Base Imbalance -Lack of Knowledge of Fluid Regimen Nursing Planning - answer✔✔-Select individualized nursing intervention to maintain or restore fluid and electrolyte balance -Consult with pharmacy, dieticians -Involve patient and family Goals and Outcomes Nursing Implementations for Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances - answer✔✔-Health Promotion -Acute Care
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