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AQA Sociology - Education (Paper 1) June 2024 Exam Questions with Answers
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AQA Sociology - Education (Paper 1) June 2024 Exam Questions with Answers
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AQA Sociology - Education (Paper 1)June 2024 Exam Questions with
Answers
Functionalist Approach - Answer>> Take a consensus view.
Education performs 3 main functions - socialisation into a shared
culture, teaching specialist work skills, selecting people for work
roles. Education is organised on meritocratic principles.
New Right Approach - Answer>> Take a conservative view.
Education should be based on market principles.
Marxist Approach - Answer>> Take a class conflict view.
Education's role is to serve capitalism. It's an ideal state
apparatus that reproduces and legitimises inequality through
correspondence principle and myth of meritocracy.
Feminist Approach - Answer>> Take a patriarchal view.
Education still benefits the male gender more.
Post-Modernist Approach - Answer>> Economy has become
post-fordist. Education is becoming more diverse and flexible.
Cultural Capital - Answer>> The knowledge middle class
parents have that allows them to navigate the education system
to best benefit their children.
Centre for Longitudinal studies (2007) - Answer>> By the age of
3, children from disadvantaged backgrounds are already up to
one year behind those with more privileged backgrounds. Gap
widens with age.
,Bernstein (1975) - Answer>> Speech codes. Restricted code
used by the working class. Elaborated code used by middle class.
Restricted Code - Answer>> Primarily working class. Limited
vocab. Based on short, unfinished, grammatically simple
sentences. Speech is predictable. May only use single word or
gestures. Descriptive not analytic. Speaker assumes listener
shares same experiences.
Elaborated Code - Answer>> Primarily middle class. Wide
vocab, grammatically complex sentences. Varied speech
communicating abstract ideas. Speaker makes no assumptions
so spell out meanings explicitly.
Douglas (1964) - Answer>> Working class parents place less
value on education. Less ambition for children, less
encouragement, rarely/not visiting schools. As a result, WC
children have less motivation and lower achievement.
Feinstein (2008) - Answer>> Parents education affects
children's achievement. Educated MC parents have a more
disciplined, high expectancy parenting style, are more aware of
what is needed for progress, and can use income to promote
success (e.g. private tutoring). Uneducated WC parents have
harsh, inconsistent parenting style, less understanding of what is
needed for progress, and little/no disposable income to promote
success.
Working-Class Subculture - Answer>> Members of the WC
have different goals, beliefs, and attitudes that clash with
education.
, Sugarman (1970) - Answer>> There are 4 key features of WC
subculture that act as barrier to educational achievement.
Fatalism, Collectivism, Immediate gratification, and Present-time
orientation.
Fatalism - Answer>> The belief in fate. "What will be, will be".
Nothing you can do to change your fate so why bother approach.
Collectivism - Answer>> Valuing being part of a group more
than individual success. May lead to being held back by group
loyalties.
Immediate Gratification - Answer>> Seeking immediate
pleasure rather than making sacrifices and waiting for greater
rewards in the future.
Present-time Orientation - Answer>> Seeing the present as
more important than the future. Having no long-term goals.
Keddie (1973) - Answer>> Criticism of cultural deprivation.
Cultural deprivation is a myth. It is victim-blaming, WC failure
should actually be blamed on schools and their dominant MC
values and prejudices.
Department for Education (2012) - Answer>> Barely 1/3 of
pupils eligible for free school meals achieve 5 or more A*-C
GCSE's
How Poor Housing Influences Education - Answer>>
Overcrowding means less room for educational activities,
nowhere to work, and disturbed sleep. Temporary housing can
result in moving from school to school. Cold/damp housing can
result in poor health leading to more school absences.
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