Exam (elaborations)
AQA A-Level Biology Topic 1: Biological Molecules May 2024 Exam Questions and Answers
- Course
- Institution
AQA A-Level Biology Topic 1: Biological Molecules May 2024 Exam Questions and Answers
[Show more]
Content preview
AQA A-Level Biology Topic 1: BiologicalMolecules May 2024 Exam Questions
and Answers
What are monomers? - Answer>> Monomers are *small units*
which are the components of larger molecules.
What are polymers? - Answer>> Polymers are molecules made
from *many monomers* joined together.
What are examples of monomers? - Answer>>
*Monosaccharides, amino acids* and *nucleotides*
What are examples of polymers? - Answer>> *Polysaccharides,
polypeptides* and *polynucleotides*
What reaction allows two monomers to bond together? -
Answer>> A *condensation reaction* allows *two monomers* to
be joined together by a chemical bond, *releasing a water
molecule*.
What reaction breaks the chemical bond between two molecules?
- Answer>> A *hydrolysis reaction* allows the chemical bond to
break between two molecules and this happens due to the
*addition of water*.
What are carbohydrates? - Answer>> Carbohydrates are
molecules which consist only of *carbon, hydrogen and oxygen*.
What is the small unit that makes up a carbohydrate. -
Answer>> Monosaccharides
,What is formed when two monosaccharides go through
condensation reaction? - Answer>> A *disaccharide* is formed.
What is the special bond that is formed during the condensation
reaction between two monosaccharides? - Answer>> A
*glycosidic bond*
What is formed when many monosaccharides go through
condensation reaction? - Answer>> A *polysaccharide* is
formed.
What are examples of monosaccharides? - Answer>> -
*Glucose* (*α-glucose* and *β glucose*)
- *Galactose*
- *Fructose*
What is the structure of both α-glucose and β glucose? -
Answer>> They both have *6 carbon atoms*, α-glucose has its
OH group attached at the *bottom right* and β glucose has its OH
group attached at the *top right*.
Which disaccharide is formed when two α-glucose molecules join
together? - Answer>> Maltose
Which disaccharide is formed when a glucose molecule and
fructose join together? - Answer>> Sucrose
Which disaccharide is formed when a glucose molecule and
galactose join together? - Answer>> Lactose
What are the three polysaccharides that are formed from glucose
monomers? - Answer>> - *Glycogen* (formed by the
condensation of α-glucose)
, - *Starch* (formed by the condensation of α-glucose)
- *Cellulose* (formed by the condensation of β glucose)
What is starch? - Answer>> Starch is what plants *store as
excess glucose*. When plants require glucose for respiration and
energy, starch is broken down into glucose.
What mixture does starch consist of? - Answer>> *Amylose*
and *Amylopectin*
Describe the structure of starch? - Answer>> Amylose is a
*long, unbranched chain of α-glucose* molecules. Due to its
specific glycosidic bonding, its shape becomes *coiled*, which
makes it very *compact*.
Amylopectin is a *long, branched chain of α-glucose* molecules.
It has got many *side branches* on it.
Explain the relationship between the structure and function in
starch. - Answer>> The coiled and compact shape of amylose
allows a *lot of energy to be stored*, therefore making it good for
energy storage.
The side branches on amylopectin allow *enzymes to break
down* the molecule and make it *easier to break the glycosidic
bond*. This means that energy can be *released quicker* for
important functions like *respiration*.
Starch is also *insoluble* and therefore *do not affect the water
potential*, so water cannot enter cells by osmosis.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller RevisionKing. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
82871 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now