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AQA A LEVEL Biology: 3.1 Biological Molecules Exam Questions and Answers 2024 Review
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AQA A LEVEL Biology: 3.1 Biological Molecules Exam Questions and Answers 2024 Review
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AQA A LEVEL Biology: 3.1 BiologicalMolecules Exam Questions and Answers
2024 Review
Define monomer - Answer>> The smaller units from
which larger molecules are made (via condensation
reactions).
List examples of monomers - Answer>>
Monosaccharides
Amino acids
Nucleotides
Define polymer - Answer>> Molecules made from large
number of monomers joined together (via condensation
reactions).
Define Condensation reaction - Answer>> A reaction
joining two molecules together with the formation of a
chemical bond. Eliminates a molecule of water.
Define Hydrolysis reaction - Answer>> A reaction
breaking a chemical bond between two molecules upon
the addition of a water molecule, under suitable
conditions.
Define Monosaccharides - Answer>> The monomers
from which larger carbohydrates are made via a
,condensation reaction forming glycosidic bonds between
the monosaccharides. SOLUBLE, reducing sugars.
List some examples of monosaccharides - Answer>>
glucose
galactose
fructose
Define Disaccharides - Answer>> Two
monosaccharides held together by a glycosidic bond after
a condensation reaction.
List some examples of disaccharides - Answer>>
maltose : glucose & glucose
sucrose : glucose & fructose
lactose : glucose & galactose
Define Polysaccharides - Answer>> Polymers formed by
combining MANY monosaccharide molecules via
condensation reactions. Large, insoluble molecules good
for storage.
Alpha Glucose - Answer>>
Beta Glucose - Answer>>
Define Starch - Answer>> Alpha glucose polysaccharide
used as a major energy source.
, Structure of Amylose
Function of Amylose - Answer>> Long, unbranched
alpha glucose chain, with a coiled structure.
Compact, so good for storage as more energy-holding
bonds packed in a small space.
Structure of Amylopectin
Function of Amylopectin - Answer>> Long, branched
alpha glucose chain.
Side branches give easy access to MANY glycosidic
bonds which can be acted on simultaneously by enzymes
- rapid release of alpha glucose monomers.
Advantages of the structure of Starch - Answer>>
Insoluble in water, so doesn't affect wp of cells, so water
not drawn in by osmosis.
Large and insoluble, does not diffuse out of cells.
When hydrolysed, alpha glucose produced which easily
transported and readily used in respiration.
Define Glycogen - Answer>> Main carbohydrate storage
molecule.
Structure of Glycogen
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