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AQA Environmental Science ENVS2 - Lithosphere Exam 2024 Questions and Answers
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AQA Environmental Science ENVS2 - Lithosphere Exam 2024 Questions and Answers
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AQA Environmental Science ENVS2 -Lithosphere Exam
2024 Questions and Answers
Lithosphere - Answer>> The rigid outer part of the earth,
composed of the rocks, soils, minerals and land surface.
Igneous - Answer>> A word to describe a type of rock that is
created when molten magma cools in the upper crust (intrusive)
or when lava on the surface of the crust cools (extrusive).
Examples include granite, diorite and basalt.
Sedimentary - Answer>> A word to describe a type of rock that
is created when sediment builds up in layers and is compressed
and concreted over time. Examples include limestone, sandstone
and shale.
Metamorphic - Answer>> A word to describe a type of rock that
is created when sedimentary or igneous rocks are exposed to
extreme heat and pressure and are chemically altered, going
through metamorphism. Examples include marble (from
limestone), slate (from shale) and schist (from basalt).
Crust - Answer>> The outermost layer of the earth, solid and
with a thickness of only 100km.
Mantle - Answer>> The second-outermost layer of the earth,
the largest (2900km) at 1500 degrees celsius. A liquid.
Outer core - Answer>> The second-innermost layer of the
earth, at 5000 degrees celsius and 2100km thick, it is a semi
solid.
, Inner core - Answer>> The innermost layer of the earth, the
hottest at 7000 degrees celsius however still a solid due to
pressure, and only 1340km thick.
Weathering - Answer>> The breakdown of rock in situ.
Erosion - Answer>> The breakdown and removal of the broken
rock by water, wind or ice.
Denudation - Answer>> Weathering or erosional processes.
Sedimentation - Answer>> The formation of sedimentary rocks
by the build up of layers of sediment under the oceans. If this
happens with denudated rocks, it creates sandstones and shales,
however if done with zooplankton or calciformes it creates chalk
or limestone.
Metamorphism - Answer>> The application of heat and
pressure due to deep burial of sedimentary or igneous rock (in the
mantle) which alters its chemical and physical properties to form a
metamorphic rock.
Uplift - Answer>> Geological processes that move rock up to
the surface of the crust.
Magma - Answer>> Molten rock from the mantle.
Lava - Answer>> Magma which has made its way onto the
earth's surface.
Rock - Answer>> An aggregate of minerals.
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