NCAC II Exam Questions and Answers with complete solution

Pharmacology - Answer-the branch of science that examines how psychoactive substances taken to alter bodily functions or enhance bodily functions interact with the brain and body. Due to it's short half-life, which requires a divided dosing? - Answer-Wellbutrin The first stage in group process may be referred to as: - Answer-Dependency The ICRC/AODA defines assessment as: - Answer-An identification of the client's strengths, weaknesses, needs and problems to develop the treatment plan. In regard to crisis situations, the most useful criterion for evaluating the effectiveness of actions taken between sessions is: - Answer-Level of functioning, compared to pre-crisis level The Cephalocaudle Principle - Answer-Development proceeds from the head downward, with control over the head and face first, then the arms, and finally the legs. Within two months from birth infants develop control over head and face movements. In the following few months, they are able to use their arms to lift themselves up. Control over the legs develops between 6 to 12 months of age, with infants then able crawl, stand, and eventually walk. Arm coordination always precedes leg coordination. The Proximodistal Principle - Answer-Development proceeds from the center of the body outward. Thus, arms develop before hands, and the fingers and toes follow. Muscle control over the fingers and toes develops last, as well. Sigmund Freud - Answer-Freud emphasized the significance of childhood events and experiences, but focused nearly entirely on abnormal development instead of normal functioning. Freud described child development as a set of "psychosexual stages," referred to as oral, anal, phallic, latency and genital. Erik Erickson - Answer-A neo-Freudian psychologist that hypothesized that people face pass through 8 social development stages from infancy to old age. Each challenge has an outcome that affects a persons social and personality development.Jean Piaget - Answer-Theorist Jean Piaget focused primarily on the mental aspects of childhood, and proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development. He pioneered the idea that children's knowledge of the world is gained by active interaction, describing them as "little scientists" in this endeavor. Rational Emotive Psychotherapy - Answer-The earliest form of a cognitive-behaviour approach to social work practice, in which personal problems are understood to be the result of irrational patterns of thinking and the dysfunctional behaviours that happen as a result. The goal of the therapist is to help a client to see that the negative emotions experienced are due to a flawed perception of reality. Motivational Enhancement Therapy - Answer-a brief, nonconfrontational, client-centered therapy designed to change specific problematic behaviors such as alcohol or drug use Freudian Psychoanalytic Theory - Answer-based on the idea that people are influenced considerably by their unconscious, inner drives. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy - Answer-a popular integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior) Socratic Dialogue - Answer-A process that cognitive therapists use in helping clients empirically test their core beliefs. Clients form hypotheses about their behavior through observation and monitoring. Gestalt therapy - Answer-therapy that aims to integrate different and sometimes opposing aspects of personality into a unified sense of self Person Centered Therapy - Answer-a nondirective insight therapy based on the work of Carl Rogers in which the client does all the talking and the therapist listens Priviledge - Answer-refers to the right of an individual not to have confidential information disclosed in legal proceedings. Transactional Analysis - Answer-treatment that focuses on patterns of interaction with others, especially patterns that indicate personal problemsWhen is privilege waived? - Answer-Privilege is waived in the following ways: 1) when the client has agreed that the counselor may reveal confidential information, 2) when a third person has been made privy to the information, and 3) under certain legal conditions. The therapist cannot claim privilege once the client has agreed to waive privilege