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PSYCHOGERIATRIEGEESTELIJKE GEZONDHEIDSZORG
2023-2024
,Inhoudsopgave
1. De vergrijzing............................................................................................................................................. 3
De oorzaak............................................................................................................................................................3
Het gevolg.............................................................................................................................................................3
1. Onze hersenen........................................................................................................................................... 4
2. Onderdelen................................................................................................................................................ 4
1. Algemeen.................................................................................................................................................. 6
Prevalentie............................................................................................................................................................6
Vergeetachtigheid is dementie?...........................................................................................................................6
Definitie dementie (WHO)....................................................................................................................................6
Criteria DSM 5...................................................................................................................................................7
Definitie dementie ( een syndroom).....................................................................................................................7
De symptomen van de 2de orde.............................................................................................................................8
De differentiaal diagnose.....................................................................................................................................9
2. Soorten dementie...................................................................................................................................... 9
Ziekte van alzheimer.............................................................................................................................................9
Verloop.............................................................................................................................................................9
Symptomen....................................................................................................................................................10
Vasculaire dementie...........................................................................................................................................10
Symptomen....................................................................................................................................................10
Preventie.........................................................................................................................................................11
Lewy body dementie...........................................................................................................................................11
Lokalisatie.......................................................................................................................................................11
Symptomen....................................................................................................................................................12
Frontotemporale dementie................................................................................................................................12
Symptomen algemeen....................................................................................................................................12
Symptomen per variant..................................................................................................................................12
Andere vormen van dementie............................................................................................................................13
Dementie op jonge leeftijd.................................................................................................................................13
3. Diagnose.................................................................................................................................................. 14
Het proces van de diagnose................................................................................................................................14
Assessment.........................................................................................................................................................14
Normaal voor ouderen of niet pluis....................................................................................................................14
Signalen niet negeren: spreek erover.................................................................................................................15
4. Dementieproces....................................................................................................................................... 15
1
, Bedreigende ik....................................................................................................................................................15
Verdwaalde ik.....................................................................................................................................................16
Verborgen en verzonken ik.................................................................................................................................16
5. Erfelijkheid............................................................................................................................................... 16
1. Inleiding................................................................................................................................................... 17
2. Depressie................................................................................................................................................. 17
Symptomen.........................................................................................................................................................18
3. Vormen van depressie.............................................................................................................................. 18
Psychologische factoren die aanleiding kunnen zijn tot depressie....................................................................18
Het herkennen van een depressie.......................................................................................................................20
Omgaan met met ouderen die een depressie hebben.......................................................................................21
De behandeling van depressie bij ouderen.........................................................................................................22
Assessments........................................................................................................................................................22
4. Zelfdoding bij ouderen............................................................................................................................. 23
Waarom suïcide?................................................................................................................................................23
Signalen..............................................................................................................................................................23
1. Inleiding................................................................................................................................................... 24
2. Psychose bij oudere................................................................................................................................. 24
Klinisch beeld van een psychose.........................................................................................................................26
De oorzaak van psychose...................................................................................................................................26
Omgaan met ouderen en een psychose.............................................................................................................27
Valkuilen.........................................................................................................................................................27
Wat doen we wel?..........................................................................................................................................27
3. Wanen bij ouderen................................................................................................................................... 29
Wie loopt er risico...............................................................................................................................................29
Wat doet achterdocht bij ouderen.....................................................................................................................29
Hoe help je iemand die denkt geen hulp nodig te hebben?..........................................................................30
Wat kunenn we doen in een gesprek?...........................................................................................................30
Wat kunnen we doen in de begeleiding?.......................................................................................................30
1. Wat is psycho- educatie............................................................................................................................ 31
De verschillende meerwaarden:.........................................................................................................................31
2. Voor wie is psycho- educatie.................................................................................................................... 31
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, Hoofdstuk 1: de inleiding
1. De vergrijzing
De vergrijzing is het proces waarbij:
de leeftijdsopbouw van de bevolking verandert
het aandeel van oudere leeftijdsgroepen groter wordt
Dit zorgt ervoor dat de gemiddlede leeftijd van de bevolking toeneemt.
We spreken van een dubbele vergrijzing als er een toename is van het aantal oude ouderen (> 80
jaar) binnen de categorie 65 plusser.
De oorzaak
Er zijn verschillende oorzaken voor de vergrijzing:
1. De toename van de levensverwachting
o Door betere algemene levensomstandigheden
o Door betere medische zorg
o Verandering in het ziektepatroon
2. Door de toegenomen preventiecampagnes gaan mensen gezonde leven en meer zorg dragen
voor zichzelf
3. Betere financiële omstandigheden
Het gevolg
Door de vergrijzing zien we:
Groeiende wetenschappelijke belangstelling voor:
o het fenomeen verouderen
o de vraag welke zorg ouderen nu precies nodig hebben
Steeds meer ouderen doen beroep op hulp
o Ze hebben langer en intensiever hulp nodig
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