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Unit 1- Biol 230 Athabasca Exam Assignment (100 out of 100) Latest Update
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Unit 1- Biol 230 Athabasca Exam Assignment (100 out of 100) Latest Update
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Unit 1- Biol 230 Athabasca Exam Assignment(100 out of 100) Latest Update
Integration:
The process in which the bodies systems work together to accomplish a unified/common task
emergent properties
In a complex hierarchy such as the body's organizational plan, as
each level gives rise to the next highest level, new properties emerge
that are not present at the levels below
Metabolism:
The sum of all the chemical reactions that occur in the body (catabolism "breakdown" eg fat breakdown
by the gall bladder, anabolism "build up" eg amino acids
Responsiveness:
: Is the bodies ability to detect and respond to changes. Eg the body regulates body temperature, which
Is why you shiver when you get cold (Internal). External factor would be protecting your face when you
see a ball coming at you (external)
Movement:
Includes motion of the whole body, organs, single cells, and tiny structures inside of cell
,Growth:
Is an increase in body size that results from an increase in the size of existing cells, an increase in the
number of cells or both.
Differentiation:
Is the development of a cell from an unspecialized to a specialized state. Each type of cell in the body
has a specialized structure and function that differs from that of its precursor (ancestor) cells. For
example, erythrocytes (red blood cells) and several types of leukocytes all arise from the same
unspecialized precursor cells in bone marrow.
Stem cells :
Precursor cells that can divide and give rise to cells that undergo differentiation.
Reproduction:
Refers to the formation of new cells for tissue growth, repair, or replacement. Or the production of a
new individual
Homeostasis
The maintenance of relatively stable conditions in the body's internal environment
Intracellular fluid:
The fluid within cells compromises 2/3 of total body fluid
Extracellular fluid:
,The fluid that is outside of the cells which compromises the other 1/3 of the body and is composed 80%
intercellular fluid (inbetween cells) and 20 % plasma
Interstitial fluid:
The fluid the fills the narrow spaces between the cells
Plasma:
The fluid portion of blood
Homeostasis:
The maintenance of relatively stable conditions in the body's internal environment
Steady state:
energy is needed to keep the regulated parameter at a relatively constant level
Equilibrium:
conditions remain constant without the expenditure of energy
Feedback system
: is a cycle of events in which a parameter of the internal environment is monitored, evaluated,changed,
remonitored, reevaluated, and so on.
, Stimulus:
Any disruption that changes a controlled variable is called a stimulus.
Receptor:
: a body structure that monitors changes in a controlled variable and sends input to a control center.
Negative feed back system:
Reverses a change in a controlled variable
Baroreceptors:
the receptors), pressure sensitive neurons located in the walls of certain blood vessels, detect the higher
pressure. These neurons send action potentials (input) to the brain (control center)
Positive Feedback system:
strengthens or reinforces a change in a controlled variable. A positive feedback system operates
similarly to a negative feedback system except for theway the response affects the controlled variable.
Control Center
determines the narrow range or set point within which a controlled variable should be maintained,
output from the control center typically occurs as action potentials, or hormones or other chemical
signals.
Effector:
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