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Testbanks2022 TESTBANK ESSAY 1. Why is it important for psychology students to study the development of psychology? ANS: Answer not provided. PTS: 1 2. Argue that Psychology's roots began 2000 years ago. Now argue that they began 200 years ago. What fields came together to form Psychology? ANS: Answer not provided. PTS: 1 MSC: WWW 3. Define historiography. How do the data of history differ from the data of science? Name and describe the three major difficulties involved in recalling and presenting the data of history. ANS: Answer not provided. PTS: 1 4. Discuss and give one exampl e of each of the contextual forces that influenced the development of psychology. ANS: Answer not provided. PTS: 1 5. Describe, compare, and contrast the personalistic and naturalistic theories as conceptions of scientific history. How could the contr ibutions of Darwin be used to illustrate both? ANS: Answer not provided. PTS: 1 MSC: WWW 6. Define "school of thought" and discuss it in terms of Thomas Kuhn's concept of paradigms in scientific evolution. ANS: Answer not provided. PTS: 1 MULTIPLE CHOICE 7. Psychology is unique among the sciences in its requirement that its students ____. a. have a minor in the natural sciences b. learn the experimental method c. use carefully controlled observations in its procedures d. study the history of psychology e. have a liberal arts background in the humanities ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Why Study the History of Psychology? 8. What conclusions can be drawn from the study of the Invisible Gorilla? a. All psychology students can multitask when presented with multiple stimuli at one time b. Extraordinary events can induce extreme stress when presented to unsuspecting people Testbanks2022 c. It is difficult for people to pay attention to more than one stimulus at a time d. Doing homework and w atching television at the same time are as efficient as if the two are done separately e. Counting can be a difficult task when one is being watched ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: The Invisible Gorilla MSC: WWW 9. Division ____ of the American Psychological Association is concerned with the study of the discipline's history. a. 1 b. 2 c. 26 d. 32 e. 42 ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Why Study the History of Psychology? 10. In what year was the American Psychological Association founded? a. 1892 b. 1932 c. 1952 d. 1969 e. 1979 ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Why Study the History of Psychology? 11. Psychology is marked by diversity and divisiveness. The one aspect of the discipline that provides cohesiveness and a common ground for discourse is its ____. a. reliance on the experimental method in all its research b. focus on the study of overt behavior c. use of the hypothetico -deductive method d. national organizations (APA and APS) e. history ANS: E PTS: 1 REF: Why Study the History of Psychology? MSC: WWW 12. Perhaps the most valuable outcome of the study of the history of psychology is that one will learn the ____. a. relationships among psychology's ideas, theories, and research strategies b. contributions of the classic Greek philosophers c. origins of the experimental methods d. evolution of the scientist -practitioner model of clinical psychology e. issues at the root of the pure versus applied research conflict in psychology ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Why Study the History of Psychology? 13. According to Schultz & Schultz, a course in the history of psychology is useful because ____. a. it helps us to understand why modern psychology has so many different movements b. it helps to integrate the areas and issues that constitute modern psychology c. it provides a fascinating story on its own d. All of the choices are correct e. None of the choices are correct ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Why Study the History of Psychology? Testbanks2022 14. As a scientific discipline, psychology is ____. a. one of the newest b. one of the oldest c. the only one to have started in the United States d. one of the newest and one of the oldest e. None of the choices are correct ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: The Development of Modern Psychology 15. Greek philosophers studied issues involving ____. a. motivation b. abnormal behavior c. learning d. thought e. All of the choices are correct ANS: E PTS: 1 REF: The Development of Modern Psychology 16. Modern psychology shares which of the following characteristics with ancient Greek philosophy? a. An interest in the same kinds of questions about human nature b. The development of common methods of research to answer questions about human nature c. A reliance upon biology to help in the understanding of human nature d. The denial that humans are composed of a physical body and a spiritual soul e. None of the choices are correct ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: The Development of Modern Psychology 17. Modern psychology emerged from philosophy approximately ____ years ago. a. 100 b. 150 c. 200 d. 250 e. 300 ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: The Development of Modern Psychology 18. The feature of modern psychology that distinguishes it from its antecedents is its ____. a. methodology b. focus on learning c. focus on motivation d. focus on abnormal behavior e. use of deductive logic ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: The Development of Modern Psychology 19. Until the last quarter of the 19th century, philosophers studied human nature using which of the following methods? Testbanks2022 a. speculation b. intuition c. generalizations d. All of the choices are correct. e. None of the choices are correct. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: The Development of Modern Psychology 20. The new discipline of psychology was the product of the union of ____. a. philosophy and ethics b. philosophy and physics c. physics and biology d. physics and physiology e. philosophy and physiology ANS: E PTS: 1 REF: The Development of Modern Psychology 21. The hallmark of psychology's separation from philosophy was its reliance on ____. a. physics b. biology c. experimentation d. deduction e. psychophysics ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: The Development of Modern Psychology MSC: WWW 22. Modern psychology differs from philosophy in which of the following ways? a. Modern psychology is concerned with the study of mental processes such as learning, memory, and perception. Philosophy is concerned with the stud y of human nature. b. Modern psychology uses objective methods to study questions. Philosophy depends upon speculation and intuition in order to answer questions. c. Modern psychology studies only the brain. Philosophy studies only the mind. d. Modern psychology is based upon the use of inductive reasoning. Philosophy is based upon the use of deductive reasoning. e. None of the choices are correct. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: The Development of Modern Psychology 23. Psychology became an independent discipline during the ____. a. Renaissance b. last quarter of the eighteenth century c. last quarter of the nineteenth century d. first decade of the nineteenth century e. first decade of the twentieth century ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: The Development of Modern Psychology 24. The term historiography refers to ____.
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