100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Samenvatting psychogerontologie () $8.13   Add to cart

Summary

Samenvatting psychogerontologie ()

 13 views  1 purchase
  • Course
  • Institution

Dit is een uitgebreide samenvatting van het vak 'Psychogerontologie' gedoceerd door Prof. Dr. Eva Dierckx aan de VUB in het academiejaar . De samenvatting bevat de slides en uitgebreide lesnota's. Succes!

Preview 4 out of 94  pages

  • May 22, 2024
  • 94
  • 2023/2024
  • Summary
avatar-seller
PSYCHOGERONTOLOGIE

INHOUDSOPGAVE

Hoofdstuk 1: Belangrijke thema’s en begrippen bij veroudering ..................................................................... 7
1. Vergrijzing ....................................................................................................................................................... 7
1.1. Ouderen: wie zijn ze? ............................................................................................................................... 7
1.1.1. Functionele leeftijd...................................................................................................................... 8
1.1.2. Functionele vs chronologische leeftijd ........................................................................................ 8
1.2. Enkele cijfers ............................................................................................................................................ 8
1.2.1. Levensverwachting ............................................................................................................................ 9
2. Biopsychosociale perspectief ......................................................................................................................... 11
3. Vier principes van het ‘ouder worden’ ........................................................................................................... 11

4. Persoonlijk versus sociaal ouder worden ....................................................................................................... 13
4.1. Normatieve leeftijdsgerelateerde invloeden ......................................................................................... 13
4.2. Normatieve geschiedenisgerelateerde invloeden.................................................................................. 14
4.3. Niet-normatieve invloeden .................................................................................................................... 14
5. Modellen van ontwikkeling ........................................................................................................................... 14
5.1. Nature en nurture .................................................................................................................................. 14
5.1.1. Nature en nurture in wisselwerking ................................................................................................ 14
6. Benaderingen van de vergrijzing en het verouderingsproces ........................................................................ 15
6.1. Biologische benadering .......................................................................................................................... 16
6.1.1. Achtergrond .................................................................................................................................... 16
6.1.2. Geprogrammeerde verouderingstheorieën .................................................................................... 16
6.1.3. Random error theorieën ................................................................................................................. 17
6.2. Psychologische benadering .................................................................................................................... 19
6.2.1. Psychosociale theorie van Erikson .................................................................................................. 19
6.2.2. Cognitieve ontwikkelingstheorie van Piaget ................................................................................... 20
6.2.3. Identity proces theory van Whitbourne .......................................................................................... 20
6.2.4. Ecologisch perspectief van Bronfenbrenner ................................................................................... 20
6.3. Socioculturele benadering...................................................................................................................... 21
6.3.1. Sociale rollen in de maatschappij .................................................................................................... 21
6.3.2. Ageïsme ........................................................................................................................................... 21
6.3.3. Sociale klok ...................................................................................................................................... 21

Hoofdstuk 2: Fysieke veranderingen bij veroudering ..................................................................................... 22
1. Verschijningsvorm ......................................................................................................................................... 22
1.1. De huid .............................................................................................................................................. 22
1.2. Het haar ............................................................................................................................................. 23
1.3. De nagels, neus, oren en tanden ....................................................................................................... 23




1

, 2. Lichaamsbouw ....................................................................................................................................... 23

3. Bewegingsstelsel ................................................................................................................................... 23
3.1. Spieren .............................................................................................................................................. 24
3.2. Beenderen ......................................................................................................................................... 24
3.3. Gewrichten ........................................................................................................................................ 24
4. vitale lichaamsfuncties .......................................................................................................................... 25
4.1. Cardiovasculaire systeem .................................................................................................................. 25
4.2. Ademhalingsstelsel ............................................................................................................................ 25
4.3. Urinewegen ....................................................................................................................................... 25
4.4. Spijsverteringsstelsel ......................................................................................................................... 26
5. Controlesystemen van het lichaam ....................................................................................................... 26
5.1. Endocriene systeem .......................................................................................................................... 26
5.1.1. Seksuele veranderingen ............................................................................................................ 27
5.2. Immuunsysteem ................................................................................................................................ 28
6. Zenuwstelsel .......................................................................................................................................... 28
6.1. Centraal zenuwstelsel ....................................................................................................................... 28
6.2. Slaap .................................................................................................................................................. 29
6.3. Temperatuurscontrole ...................................................................................................................... 29
7. Sensatie en perceptie ............................................................................................................................ 29
7.1. Zicht ................................................................................................................................................... 29
7.2. Gehoor............................................................................................................................................... 30
7.3. Evenwicht .......................................................................................................................................... 30
7.4. Reuk en smaak .................................................................................................................................. 30
7.5. Somatosensorische systeem ............................................................................................................. 31

Hoofdstuk 3: Ziektebeelden – fysieke gezondheid ......................................................................................... 32
1. Ziekten van het cardiovasculaire systeem ..................................................................................................... 32
1.1. Atherosclerosis ....................................................................................................................................... 32
1.2. Arteriosclerosis ....................................................................................................................................... 32
1.3. Hypertensie ............................................................................................................................................ 33
1.4. Congestive haert failure ......................................................................................................................... 33
1.5. Cerebrovasculair accident ...................................................................................................................... 33
1.6. Transient Ischemic Accident (TIA) .......................................................................................................... 33
1.7. Levensstijlen die het risico op hart- en vaatziekten verhogen ............................................................... 34
2. Kanker ................................................................................................................................................... 34

3. Ziekten van het musculoskeletale systeem............................................................................................ 34
3.1. (osteo) Artritis ................................................................................................................................... 34
3.2. Osteoperosis...................................................................................................................................... 35
4. Diabetes................................................................................................................................................. 35
5. Ziekten van het ademhalingsstelsel ...................................................................................................... 36
5.1. COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ................................................................................. 36
5.1.1. Chronische bronchitis ................................................................................................................ 36
5.1.2. Chronisch emphysema .............................................................................................................. 36

Hoofdstuk 4: cognitie en gezond ouder worden ............................................................................................ 37



2

, 1. Cognitie ......................................................................................................................................................... 37
1.1. twee soorten cognitie ....................................................................................................................... 37
1.1.1. General slowing (fluid intelligence) ............................................................................................... 37
1.2. WAIS: Wechsler intelligence scale..................................................................................................... 38
1.2.1. Fluid en crystallized intelligence in intelligentietests ................................................................ 38
1.3. Crystallized en fluid intelligence ........................................................................................................ 38
2. Cognitieve achteruitgang ...................................................................................................................... 39
2.1. Oorzaak ............................................................................................................................................. 39
2.2. Proximale factoren ............................................................................................................................ 39
2.2.1. Uitvoeringsstrategieën .............................................................................................................. 39
2.2.2. Informatieverwerkingsaspecten................................................................................................ 39
2.2.3. Globale cogntieve achteruitgang............................................................................................... 39
2.2.4. Hulpbronnen of resources ......................................................................................................... 40
2.2.5. Neurobiologische aspecten ....................................................................................................... 43
3. Implicaties voor het functioneren .......................................................................................................... 43

4. Consequenties van het verminderd fucntioneren .................................................................................. 43
5. Cognitieve training ................................................................................................................................ 44
6. Wanneer is het probleem ERNSTIG?...................................................................................................... 44
7. Met ouderen werken ............................................................................................................................. 44

Hoofdstuk 5 : Cognitieve en pathologisch ouder worden – ziektebeelden ..................................................... 45
1. Pathologische veroudering ............................................................................................................................ 45
1.1. Delirium ............................................................................................................................................. 45
1.2. dementie (neurodegeneratieve aandoeningen) ............................................................................... 46
1.2.1. Dementie – BPSD ....................................................................................................................... 46
1.2.2. Terminologie (DSM-V) ............................................................................................................... 47
1.2.3. Risicofactoren dementie ........................................................................................................... 48
1.2.4. Vormen van dementie ............................................................................................................... 49
1.2.5. Ziekte van Alzheimer ................................................................................................................. 49
1.2.6. Frontotemporale dementie (FTD) ............................................................................................. 51
1.2.7. Lewy Body Dementie (DLB) ....................................................................................................... 52
1.2.8. Ziekte van Parkinson ................................................................................................................. 52
1.2.9. Vasculaire dementie .................................................................................................................. 52
1.2.10. Behandeling dementie .......................................................................................................... 53
1.3. Amnestische stoornissen................................................................................................................... 53
1.4. depressie (“depressieve pseudodementie”) ..................................................................................... 53
2. Diagnostiek van neurodegeneratieve aandoeningen ............................................................................ 54
2.1. Diagnostische principes ..................................................................................................................... 54
2.2. Diagnostisch proces........................................................................................................................... 54
2.3. Met ouderen werken ........................................................................................................................ 55
2.4. Diagnostische intrumenten ............................................................................................................... 55
2.4.1. Cognitieve screeningstesten...................................................................................................... 55
2.4.2. Neuropsychologische testinstrumenten ................................................................................... 55
2.4.3. Gedragsobservatieschalen ........................................................................................................ 56

Hoofdstuk 6: Vroegtijdige detectie van Alzheimerdementie: een neuropsychologische benadering .............. 57



3

, 1. Uitgangspunten van het onderzoek .............................................................................................................. 57
1.1. Differentiele diagnose AD-depressie ................................................................................................. 57
2. Doelstellingen van het onderzoek ......................................................................................................... 58

3. Methode van het onderzoek.................................................................................................................. 58
3.1. Subjecten ........................................................................................................................................... 58
3.2. Procedure .......................................................................................................................................... 58
3.3. Materiaal ........................................................................................................................................... 59
3.4. Procedure: de testbatterij ................................................................................................................. 60
3.5. Resultaten ......................................................................................................................................... 60
3.5.1. Demografische gegevens........................................................................................................... 60
3.5.2. Primacy and recency effect ....................................................................................................... 60
3.5.3. Recognition................................................................................................................................ 61
3.5.4. Percentage vergeten ................................................................................................................. 62
3.5.5. Cued recall taak ......................................................................................................................... 62
3.5.6. Intellectuele detoriatie .............................................................................................................. 63
3.6. Besluit ................................................................................................................................................ 64
3.6.1. Differentiële diagnose AD-depressie ......................................................................................... 64
3.6.2. Resultaten: follow-up studie ..................................................................................................... 65
3.6.3. Algemeen besluit ....................................................................................................................... 65

Hoofdstuk 7: Zelfbeschadiging bij oudere volwassenen................................................................................. 66
1. Wat is zelfbeschadiging? ............................................................................................................................... 66
1.1. Bredere definitie .................................................................................................................................... 66
1.2. Factoren van zelfbeschadiging die de types onderscheiden .................................................................. 66
1.2.1. Suïcidaal vs niet suïcidaal ............................................................................................................... 66
1.2.2. Rechtstreeks vs niet rechtstreeks.................................................................................................... 67
1.2.3. Actief vs latent................................................................................................................................. 67
1.3. Prevalentie bij oudere volwassenen ...................................................................................................... 67
1.4. Methoden bij oudere volwassenen ........................................................................................................ 68
1.5. Heterotypische continuïteit ................................................................................................................... 68
1.6. Methoden en functies ............................................................................................................................ 69
2. Waarom is onderzoek hiernaar bij oudere volwassenen belangrijk? ............................................................ 70
2.1. Rationale ................................................................................................................................................ 70
3. Wat houdt onderzoek hiernaar in?........................................................................................................ 71
3.1. Wat vertelt de literatuur? ................................................................................................................. 71
3.1.1. Een overzicht obv een systematische review ............................................................................ 71
3.2. Wat vertellen experts uit de onderenzorg? ...................................................................................... 73
3.2.1. Onderzoeksopzet....................................................................................................................... 73
3.2.2. Een overzicht van de thema’s uit de interviews ........................................................................ 73
3.3. Wat vertellen de vragenlijsten ons die door jullie verzameld werd? ................................................ 74
3.3.1. Een overzicht van wat de vragenlijst meet................................................................................ 74
3.3.2. Een overzicht van de demografische gegevens ......................................................................... 75
3.3.3. Een overzicht van de prevalentie .............................................................................................. 75
3.3.4. Een overzicht van de verschillen tussen ooit vs nooit ZB .......................................................... 76
4. Conclusie................................................................................................................................................ 77
4.1. Praktische implicaties en suggesties voor toekomstig onderzoek .................................................... 77




4

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Javl. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $8.13. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

79373 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling
$8.13  1x  sold
  • (0)
  Add to cart