AQA A-Level Physical Education
(Anatomy & Physiology) Exam
Questions and Answers
Health - Answer>> A state of physical, mental and social well-
being, where we are free from disease
Fitness - Answer>> The ability to meet the demands of your
environment or lifestyle
Slow oxidative muscle fibres - Answer>> Muscle fibres
designed for endurance and are able to produce a large amount
of energy over a long period of time assuming that oxygen is
present
Fast twitch glycolytic muscle fibres (2b) - Answer>> Muscle
fibres designed for very high intensity power-based activities such
as sprinting, throwing and jumping
Fast oxidative glycolytic muscle fibres (2a) - Answer>> Fast
twitch muscle fibres that pick up certain slow twitch characteristics
so that they can withstand fatigue for longer
Obesity - Answer>> An accumulation of excess body fat to an
extent that may impair health
Macronutrients - Answer>> Elements from the diet that provide
energy including fat, carbohydrates and proteins
Micronutrients - Answer>> Elements from the diet that perform
a range of metabolic functions within cells
, Glycaemic Index - Answer>> A measure of the effect different
foods have on your blood glucose levels
Cortisol - Answer>> A steroid hormone produced in response to
stress
Adrenaline - Answer>> A hormone produced in response to low
blood glucose, exercise and stress
Haemoglobin - Answer>> An iron-based protein in the blood
that transports oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the muscle
cells
Myoglobin - Answer>> A protein in muscle cells that stores and
transports oxygen
Electrolytes - Answer>> Substances that help to maintain the
optimum rate of exchange of nutrients and waste products into
and out of the muscle cells
Tidal Volume - Answer>> Volume inspired or expired per breath
Inspiratory Reserve Volume - Answer>> Maximal volume
inspired following end of resting inspiration
Expiratory Reserve Volume - Answer>> Maximal volume
expired following end of resting expiration
Residual Volume - Answer>> Volume of air remaining in the
lungs at the end of maximal expiration
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