PSYC 304 FINAL: RESEARCH METHODS Athabasca University 100% Verified

PSYC 304 FINAL: RESEARCH METHODS Athabasca University 100% Verified Authority - answerbased on someone's else's language logic - answer- based on reason intuition - answer- a way of knowing spontaneous instinctive processes rather than on logic or reasoning - spontaneous perception or judgment not based on reasoned mental steps Variable - answer- A factor that can change in an experiment with different conditions dependent variable - answerThe measurable effect, outcome, or response in which the research is interested. Frequency - answerThe number of times a behaviour is performed rate - answerThe number of times that a behaviour is performed relative to time duration - answerlength of time something lasts Latency - answer- The amount of time b/w the instruction and when the behaviour is actually performed Topography - answer- The shape or style of the behaviour Force - answerThe intensity or strength of a behaviour locus - answer- Where the behaviour occurs in the environment variable of interest - answera variable for which its role in the cause and effect of an observed relationship is not clear subject variable - answer- Independent variables that the researcher does not manipulate - Ex: age, sex, iQ Confounded Variables - answerTwo variables are _______ if the investigator cannot separately identify their effects on the response variable. quantitative variable - answer- ones that varies in amount Categorical Variable (Qualitative) - answerones that varies in kind continuous variable - answera quantitative variable that has an infinite number of possible values that are not countable discrete variable - answerConsists of separate, indivisible categories. No values can exist between two neighboring categories. real limits - answerthe interval defined by the number plus or minus half the distance to the next number Measurement - answer- Process of assigning numbers to events or objects according to rules Nominal scales - answer- Classifies objects or events into categories - Simplest kind of scale b/c its rule for assigning numbers or other labels to objects or events ordinal scale - answer- a scale of measurement in which the measurement categories form a rank order along a continuum - One that ranks or events in order of their magnitude Interval Scales - answer- measure in which the differences between numbers are meaningful; includes both nominal and ordinal information ratio scale - answermeasurement that has a natural, or absolute zero and therefore allows the comparison of absolute magnitudes of the numbers permissible transformations - answer- ways that we can alter the assignment of numbers to individual events without distorting the scale parametric statistics - answer- those that make assumptions about the population from which the data are drawn—namely, that the data are normally distributed and each group has the same variance - include the usual Pearson correlation coefficient, the t test, and analysis of variance nonparametric statistics - answervarious tests that are based on rank order of the data or on the sign of the differences between subjects relatively infrequently used b/c they lack power compared with the corresponding parametric test Reliability - answer- The property of consistency of a measurement that gives the same result on different occasions Validity - answerthe extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to