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Complete uitgebreide samenvatting Doelgroepen 2
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Complete samenvatting van het vak Doelgroepen 2 van Orthopedagogie op KdG. Heel uitgebreid en duidelijk.
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DOELGROEPEN 21STE BACHELOR ORTHOPEDAGOGIE
Louise Marie Van hoeck
, Louise Marie Van hoeck – Doelgroepen 2 – 2023-2024
Inhoudsopgave
1. PERSONEN MET EEN VISUELE BEPERKING ....................................................................................................................... 4
GESCHIEDENIS ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.1. TERMINOLOGIE ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.1.1. Oftalmologische indeling .............................................................................................................................................. 4
1.2. ETIOLOGIE ............................................................................................................................................................................ 8
1.3. PREVALENTIE ...................................................................................................................................................................... 10
1.4. ONDERSTEUNING VANUIT HET WERKVELD ................................................................................................................................. 10
1.5. VISUELE BEPERKING EN ORTHOPEDAGOGISCHE ONDERSTEUNING ................................................................................................... 11
1.6. ORTHOPEDAGOGISCHE VRAAG EN AANBOD ............................................................................................................................... 11
1.6.1. Vraag en aanbod bij motorische ontwikkeling............................................................................................................ 11
1.6.2. Vraag en aanbod bij sociaal-emotionele ontwikkeling ............................................................................................... 13
1.6.3. Vraag en aanbod bij cognitieve ontwikkeling ............................................................................................................. 14
1.6.4. Onderwijs .................................................................................................................................................................... 16
1.6.5. Overige tips ................................................................................................................................................................. 17
1.7. TENDENSEN ........................................................................................................................................................................ 17
1.8. ONDERSTEUNINGSPLAN ........................................................................................................................................................ 18
2. PERSONEN MET EEN AUDITIEVE BEPERKING ................................................................................................................. 19
2.1. TERMINOLOGIE ................................................................................................................................................................... 19
2.2. GESCHIEDENIS VAN DE VISIES OP BEGELEIDING ........................................................................................................................... 19
2.2.1. De orale benadering.................................................................................................................................................... 19
2.2.2. Totale communicatie .................................................................................................................................................. 20
2.2.3. Differentiërende Communicatie .................................................................................................................................. 21
2.2.4. De Bilinguale / biculturele stroming............................................................................................................................ 21
Dovencultuur ............................................................................................................................................................................. 22
2.3. PREVALENTIE ...................................................................................................................................................................... 22
2.4. ETIOLOGIE .......................................................................................................................................................................... 22
2.5. AUDIOLOGISCHE SCREENING, DIAGNOSTIEK EN INDELING ............................................................................................................. 24
2.5.1. Indeling volgens de graad van het gehoorverlies........................................................................................................ 24
2.5.2. Indeling volgens start gehoorverlies: Prelinguaal versus postlinguaal ....................................................................... 26
2.5.3. Indeling volgens oorzaak: endogeen versus exogeen ................................................................................................. 26
2.5.4. Indeling volgens aard: geleidingsverlies versus perceptieverlies ................................................................................ 26
2.5.5. Orthopedagogische indeling ....................................................................................................................................... 27
2.6. MOGELIJKE HULPMIDDELEN VOOR PERSONEN MET EEN AUDITIEVE BEPERKING ................................................................................. 27
2.6.1. Operatie ...................................................................................................................................................................... 27
2.6.2. Hoorapparaat ............................................................................................................................................................. 27
2.6.3. Cochleair implantaat ................................................................................................................................................... 27
2.6.4. FM systeem ................................................................................................................................................................. 28
2.6.5. Schrijftolk en tolk VGT ................................................................................................................................................. 28
2.7. ONDERSTEUNING OP VERSCHILLENDE LEVENSDOMEINEN ............................................................................................................. 28
2.7.1. Orthopedagogische vraag en aanbod bij auditieve beperking ................................................................................... 28
2.7.2. Vraag en aanbod bij sociaal-emotionele ontwikkeling ............................................................................................... 30
2.7.3. Vraag en aanbod bij motorische ontwikkeling............................................................................................................ 31
3. PERSONEN MET EEN MEERVOUDIGE ZINTUIGLIJKE BEPERKING..................................................................................... 32
3.1. TERMINOLOGIE ................................................................................................................................................................... 32
3.2. ETIOLOGIE .......................................................................................................................................................................... 32
3.2.1. Vroeggeboorte ............................................................................................................................................................ 32
3.2.2. Rode hond (Rubellasyndroom) .................................................................................................................................... 32
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, Louise Marie Van hoeck – Doelgroepen 2 – 2023-2024
3.2.3. CHARGE associatie ...................................................................................................................................................... 32
3.2.4. Syndroom van Zellweger ............................................................................................................................................. 32
Vroeg verworven én aangeboren doofblindheid ....................................................................................................................... 32
3.2.5. Syndroom van Usher ................................................................................................................................................... 33
3.3. PREVALENTIE ...................................................................................................................................................................... 33
3.4. ONDERSTEUNING OP VERSCHILLENDE LEVENSDOMEINEN ............................................................................................................. 33
3.5. ORTHOPEDAGOGISCHE VRAAG ............................................................................................................................................... 33
3.6. ORTHOPEDAGOGISCH AANBOD ............................................................................................................................................... 33
3.6.1. Orthopedagogisch aanbod bij sociaal-emotionele ontwikkeling ................................................................................ 34
3.6.2. Orthopedagogisch aanbod bij motorische ontwikkeling............................................................................................. 34
3.6.3. Orthopedagogisch aanbod bij cognitieve ontwikkeling .............................................................................................. 34
4. PERSONEN MET DEMENTIE ........................................................................................................................................... 37
4.1. TERMINOLOGIE ................................................................................................................................................................... 37
4.1.1. Dementie van het Alzheimertype ................................................................................................................................ 37
4.1.2. Vasculaire dementie.................................................................................................................................................... 38
4.1.3. Frontale kwabdementie .............................................................................................................................................. 39
4.1.4. Parkinsondementie en Lewy Body-dementie .............................................................................................................. 39
4.2. DIAGNOSTISCH ONDERZOEK ................................................................................................................................................... 39
4.3. PREVALENTIE ...................................................................................................................................................................... 40
4.4. ONDERSTEUNING OP VERSCHILLENDE LEVENSDOMEINEN ............................................................................................................. 40
4.5. ORTHO-AGOGISCHE VRAAG EN AANBOD ................................................................................................................................... 40
4.6. DEMENTIEPROCES ............................................................................................................................................................... 41
4.6.1. Twee dementiewetten ................................................................................................................................................ 41
4.6.2. De stadia van dementie .............................................................................................................................................. 42
4.6.3. Wat verdwijnt ............................................................................................................................................................. 43
4.6.4. Wat blijft ..................................................................................................................................................................... 44
4.6.5. Tips .............................................................................................................................................................................. 45
4.7. METHODIEKEN EN HULPMIDDELEN .......................................................................................................................................... 48
4.7.1. Reality and Orientation Training (ROT) ....................................................................................................................... 48
4.7.2. Reminiscentie .............................................................................................................................................................. 48
4.7.3. Validation .................................................................................................................................................................... 49
4.7.4. Dementia Care Mapping ............................................................................................................................................. 49
4.7.5. Vroegtijdige Zorgplanning .......................................................................................................................................... 49
4.7.6. Overige ........................................................................................................................................................................ 50
4.8. DIVERS-SENSITIEVE BEGELEIDING ............................................................................................................................................ 50
5. NIET-BEGELEIDE MINDERJARIGEN OP DE VLUCHT ......................................................................................................... 51
5.1. TERMINOLOGIE ................................................................................................................................................................... 51
5.2. ETIOLOGIE .......................................................................................................................................................................... 51
5.3. PREVALENTIE ...................................................................................................................................................................... 51
5.4. ONDERSTEUNING OP VERSCHILLENDE LEVENSDOMEINEN ............................................................................................................. 52
5.4.1. DVZ en CGVS ............................................................................................................................................................... 52
5.4.2. Dienst Voogdij ............................................................................................................................................................. 52
5.4.3. Federale opvangcentra & partners ............................................................................................................................. 52
5.4.4. Integrale Jeugdhulp..................................................................................................................................................... 53
5.4.5. Steunfiguren ................................................................................................................................................................ 53
5.4.6. Onderwijs .................................................................................................................................................................... 53
5.4.7. Psycho-sociale begeleiding ......................................................................................................................................... 53
5.5. PROCEDURE EN TRAJECT BETREFFENDE HET VERZOEK OM INTERNATIONALE BESCHERMING ................................................................. 54
5.5.1. Procedure .................................................................................................................................................................... 54
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, Louise Marie Van hoeck – Doelgroepen 2 – 2023-2024
5.5.2. Traject ......................................................................................................................................................................... 55
5.6. ORTHOPEDAGOGISCHE VRAAG EN AANBOD ............................................................................................................................... 55
5.7. STRUCTURELE PROBLEMEN .................................................................................................................................................... 55
5.8. DIVERS-SENSITIEVE BEGELEIDING ............................................................................................................................................ 56
5.8.1. Noden .......................................................................................................................................................................... 56
5.9. JURIDISCHE EN ADMINISTRATIEVE BEGELEIDING .......................................................................................................................... 59
5.10. METHODIEKEN EN INSTRUMENTEN .......................................................................................................................................... 60
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