ati pharmacology proctored retake 2 exam newest 20
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Nursing pharmacology
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PHARMACOLOGY FOR
NURSES
1. Question: Which class of drugs is primarily used to treat hypertension?
• a. Beta-blockers
• b. Antidepressants
• c. Antihistamines
• d. Antifungals
Answer: a. Beta-blockers
Rationale: Beta-blockers help lower blood pressure by reducing heart rate and
the heart's output of blood.
2. Question: Which medication is an example of a loop diuretic?
• a. Furosemide
• b. Spironolactone
• c. Hydrochlorothiazide
• d. Acetazolamide
Answer: a. Furosemide
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic used to treat fluid retention and swelling
caused by heart failure, liver disease, and kidney disease.
3. Question: What is the antidote for acetaminophen overdose?
• a. Naloxone
• b. Flumazenil
• c. N-acetylcysteine
, • d. Protamine sulfate
Answer: c. N-acetylcysteine
Rationale: N-acetylcysteine is the antidote for acetaminophen toxicity and works
by replenishing glutathione levels.
4. Question: Which of the following medications is classified as a proton pump
inhibitor (PPI)?
• a. Ranitidine
• b. Omeprazole
• c. Famotidine
• d. Sucralfate
Answer: b. Omeprazole
Rationale: Omeprazole is a PPI that reduces stomach acid production, used to
treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
5. Question: Which antibiotic is known to cause nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity?
• a. Amoxicillin
• b. Ciprofloxacin
• c. Gentamicin
• d. Erythromycin
Answer: c. Gentamicin
Rationale: Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that can cause kidney
damage (nephrotoxicity) and hearing loss (ototoxicity).
6. Question: What is the primary use of albuterol?
• a. Treating hypertension
• b. Managing diabetes
• c. Relieving bronchospasm
, • d. Treating infections
Answer: c. Relieving bronchospasm
Rationale: Albuterol is a bronchodilator used to treat or prevent bronchospasm
in conditions like asthma and COPD.
7. Question: Which medication should be avoided in patients with a history of
peptic ulcer disease due to its potential to cause gastrointestinal bleeding?
• a. Acetaminophen
• b. Aspirin
• c. Metformin
• d. Lisinopril
Answer: b. Aspirin
Rationale: Aspirin can cause gastrointestinal irritation and bleeding, especially in
patients with a history of peptic ulcer disease.
8. Question: What is the therapeutic drug level range for digoxin?
• a. 0.5-2.0 ng/mL
• b. 5-10 ng/mL
• c. 10-20 ng/mL
• d. 20-40 ng/mL
Answer: a. 0.5-2.0 ng/mL
Rationale: The therapeutic range for digoxin is 0.5-2.0 ng/mL. Levels outside this
range can lead to toxicity or inadequate therapeutic effects.
9. Question: Which medication is used to reverse the effects of opioid overdose?
• a. Lorazepam
• b. Atropine
• c. Naloxone
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