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Chapter 40: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balances Potter et al: Canadian Fundamentals of Nursing, 6th Edition. Questions and Answers. Already Graded A+.$11.49
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Chapter 40: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balances Potter et al: Canadian Fundamentals of Nursing, 6th Edition. Questions and Answers. Already Graded A+.
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Course
Nursing
Institution
Nursing
Chapter 40: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balances Potter et al: Canadian Fundamentals of Nursing, 6th Edition. Questions and Answers. Already Graded A+.
Chapter 40: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-
Base Balances Potter et al: Canadian
Fundamentals of Nursing, 6th Edition.
Questions and Answers. Already Graded
A+.
6. What is the most abundant cation in the blood?
a. Sodium.
b. Potassium.
c. Chloride.
d. Magnesium. - ANSa. Sodium.
7. The nurse receives the patient's most recent blood work results. Which laboratory
value is of greatest concern?
a. Sodium level of 145 mmol/L (145 mEq/L).
b. Calcium level of 4.5 mmol/L (17.5 mg/dL).
c. Potassium level of 3.5 mmol/L (3.5 mEq/L).
d. Chloride level of 100 mmol/L (100 mEq/L). - ANSb. Calcium level of 4.5 mmol/L (17.5
mg/dL).
11. A 2-year-old child was brought into the emergency department after ingesting
several morphine tablets from a bottle in his mother's purse. The nurse knows that the
child is at greatest risk for which acid-base imbalance? - ANSRespiratory acidosis.
A nurse begins infusing a 250-mL bag of IV fluid at 1845 hours on Monday and
programs the pump to infuse at 20 mL/hr. At what time should the infusion be
completed?
a. 0645 Tuesday.
b. 0675 Tuesday.
c. 0715 Tuesday.
d. 0735 Tuesday. - ANSc. 0715 Tuesday.
A nurse is assessing a patient who is receiving a blood transfusion and finds that the
patient is anxiously fidgeting in bed. The patient is afebrile and dyspneic. The nurse
auscultates crackles in both lung bases and sees jugular vein distension. The nurse
recognizes that the patient is experiencing which transfusion complication? - ANSFluid
volume overload.
A nurse is caring for a patient who is in hypertensive crisis. When the nurse is flushing
the patient's peripheral IV line, the patient complains of pain. Upon assessment, the
, nurse notices a red streak near the IV site that is warm to the touch. What is the nurse's
initial action? - ANSStart a new IV line.
A nurse is caring for a patient whose electrocardiogram displays changes characteristic
of hypokalemia. Which assessment finding would the nurse expect? - ANSAbdominal
distension.
A nurse is caring for a patient with cancer who presents with anorexia, blood pressure
of 100/60, elevated white blood cell count, and oral candidiasis. The nurse knows that
the purpose of starting total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is what? - ANSReplace fluid,
electrolytes, and nutrients in the patient.
A nurse is caring for a patient with diabetes who has a bowel obstruction and has orders
to ensure that the volume of intake matches the output. In the past 4 hours, the patient
received dextrose 5% with 0.9% sodium chloride through a 22-gauge catheter infusing
at 150 mL/hr and has eaten 200 mL of ice chips. The patient also has a nasogastric
suction tube set to low continuous suction, which yielded an output of 300 mL. The
patient has voided 400 mL of urine. After reporting these values to the physician, what
orders does the nurse anticipate? - ANSa. Add a potassium supplement to replace loss
from output.
A patient had an acute intravascular hemolytic reaction during a blood transfusion. After
discontinuing the blood transfusion, what is the nurse's next action? - ANSStart normal
saline at to-keep-open (TKO) rate with new tubing.
A patient has the following laboratory values: sodium level, 145 mmol/L (145 mEq/L);
potassium level, 4.5 mmol/L (4.5 mEq/L); calcium level, 1.05 mmol/L (4.5 mg/dL). What
would the nurse expect to find in the assessment? - ANSTingling of the extremities and
tetany.
A patient informs the nurse that he has the type of diabetes that does not have to do
with "blood sugar." The nurse advises the patient to make which dietary change? -
ANSDrink plenty of fluids throughout the day to stay hydrated.
A patient is admitted to the hospital with a history of vomiting for 2 days and diminished
oral intake. Arterial blood gas measurements on admission are as follows: pH, 7.30;
arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), 36 mm Hg; arterial partial pressure
of oxygen (PaO2), 92 mm Hg; bicarbonate level (HCO3-),18 mmol/L. The nurse
understands that the patient's acid-base imbalance is which of the following?
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