Unit 2H.2 - The USA, 1955-92: conformity and challenge
Institution
PEARSON (PEARSON)
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History for Edexcel A Level: Democracies in change: Britain and the USA in the twentieth century
Knowledge Sheets for the Presidents of the USA from John F. Kennedy to George H.W. Bush.
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PEARSON (PEARSON)
History 2015
Unit 2H.2 - The USA, 1955-92: conformity and challenge
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Minimum Wage
Amendments.
Higher
Used Executive Increase in MW was
Educational
Order to provide blocked from
Facilities Act
milk and 350,000, mostly
(1963): $145
lunches to over black, workers. This
million for stem
700,000 school charge was led by
grad schools
children. Increase in social security tax of yet another
0.25% in order to pay for health Southern Democrat
insurance for the aged was – Carl Vinson of
killed of by House Ways and Georgia.
JFK obtained Trade Means Chairman Wilbur Mills –
Within one year $7-9 billion in (1963) Equal Pay Act did Southern Democrat.
Expansion Act
Alan Shepherd Federal moneys not cover all workers and
EDUCATION (1962). Cut Whilst it did
The travels into to fund the had no enforcement.
tariffs between pass, the
Clean Air Space Space Race the US/EEC by Area
Act (1961) 35% Development
(1963)
Act was
High priorities blocked from
such as tax BLOCKED OR further
reform, health funding -
SPACE RACE WATERED DOWN
insurance for $455 million
Created HUD TRADE the aged and
(the Department educational aid
of Housing and never passed
Urban ‘Schools’ Assistance Bill’ (1962)
Development) defeated when it did not provide
funding for church schools – this
was to avoid the appearance of a
conflict, as JFK was America’s first
Catholic President.
AREA
DEVELOPMENT
To what extent was Kennedy’s
OPPOSING
JFK was able to enact important
New Frontier programme SUPPORTING
thwarted by congressional Congressional Opposition
aspects of his programme
opposition?
Most
achievement
Area Expansion of the were in foreign
Development National Park The Peace Corps Won the 1960 policy
Act (1961). Service Aid to 43 countries in election
$394 million to DOMESTIC POLICY first two years. against
aid regions in Richard Nixon
poverty such as by a small DRAWBACKS TO HIS
Appalachia. margin in the ADMINISTRATION
Housing Act (1961) gave popular vote:
$4.8 billion in Federal 113,000 out of
funds to aid projects for 68m cast
AFFIRMATIVE ACTION ballots.
poor housing areas.
Poor working
(1961) Established the relationship with
Development and Training Act (1962) Most achievement were by Congress
Committee on Equal Able to increase membership of the
which gave job training to the poorly Presidential Executive Order
Employment House Rules Committee, which decided
Opportunity. Quotas debates in the House of educated. Coalition of
on Federal jobs for Representatives. Republicans and Therefore, cautious on
black Americans. Southern Democrats issues such as civil rights
CONSIDER: An Executive Order is a piece of legislation singed into law by the President, without requiring consent from the Congress. Therefore, JFK’s use of
executive power and the programmes that stemmed from it, could NOT have been opposed by Congress.
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