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Developmental Psychology - Summary - 2019

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  • Course
  • Developmental Psychology (560028B6)
  • Institution
  • Tilburg University (UVT)
  • Book
  • Experiencing the Lifespan

This summary consists all chapters of "Experiencing the Lifespan" by Janet Belsky (5th edition). I summarized main concepts and findings related to the different stages of life, that are mentioned in this book.

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Document information

  • Yes
  • May 27, 2019
  • 85
  • 2018/2019
  • Summary

Subjects

  • experiencing the lifespan
  • development
  • developmental psychology
  • psychology
  • tilburg
  • janet belsky
  • fifth edition
  • tilburg university

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  • Tilburg University (UVT)
  • Psychologie
  • Developmental Psychology (560028B6)
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2018/ 2019
Developmental
Psychology

, CHAPTER 1
pp . 2- 33




The people and the field

DEVELOP Researchers and practitioners whose professional interest lies in the study
-




MENTALISTS

of the human lifespan .




t.WTIOWEAREANDWHATWES.TW#


LIFESPAN DEVELOPMENT -

The scientific study of development through life .




CHILD DEVELOPMENT The scientific study development from birth adolescence
-



of through .




GERONTOLOGY The scientific study of the and older adults
-




aging process .




ADULT The scientific study of adult life
-




DEVELOPMENT .




D Lifespan development
↳ is multidisciplinary
D e g neuroscience nursing psychology and social policy
-

- .

, , ,


↳ explores the predictable milestones on our human journey

↳ focuses on the individual differences that give spice to human life

→ e. g .
What causes these differences ?

↳ explores the impact of life transitions and practices
-
D normative transitions ( e.g . retirement )
-
D non -
normative transitions ( e.g . divorce ,
death of a child ,
etc . )



NORMATIVE TRANSITIONS Predictable life development
changes that occur during
-
.




NON NORMATIVE TRANSITIONS Unpredictable atypical life
changes that during development
-



or occur
-

.




CONTEXTS OF Fundamental markers including cohort socioeconomic status and
-




, ,
,



DEVELOPMENT gender ,
that shape how we develop throughout the lifespan .




2.SE#INGTHECONTEXT2.ATHE1MPACTOFCOH0RT-




The
-


COHORT age group with whom we travel through life .




→ Our cohort has a major impact on our adult life



BABY BOOM COHORT The born between 1946 and 1964
huge age group
-



.




D Childhood and adolescence as we know it today is a
young development in

human history


EMERGING ADULTHOOD The phase of life that begins after high school lasts through the
-




,




late twenties
,
and is devoted to constructing an adult life .

, AVERAGE UFE EXPECTANCY A person 's fifty fifty chance at birth of living to given age
-

-
a .




-
D used to be much lower



TWENTIETH CENTURY
-


The dramatic life expectancy that occurred
increase in average
-




LIFE EXPECTANCY during the first half of the twentieth century in the developed
REVOLUTION world .




MAXIMUM LIFESPAN
-

The biological limit of human life ( about 105 years ) .




D The extension of the lifespan changed our ideas about every life stage

YOUNG -


OLD
-



People in their sixties and seventies .




OLD -

OLD -




people age 80 and older .




D The internet and income inequalities influence and define our lives




INCOME INEQUALITY The gap between the rich and poor within a nation specifically when
-




; ,




income inequality is wide ,
a nation has few very affluent residents

and a mass of disadvantaged citizens .




UPWARD MOBILITY Rising social class and/or economic status from 's childhood
-



in one .




→
Today ,
children only have a 50150 chance



2.LT/tEChlPACT0FS0C10EC0NOhlKSTAT#


SOCIOECONOMIC A basic marker educational
referring to status and
-


STATUS on the ,




especially , income rungs .




-
D major impact on development at
every life stage


DEVELOPED WORLD
-

The most affluent countries in the world .




-
D high life expectancy ,
small income inequality access to good education and
,


modern medical care



DEVELOPING WORLD The impoverished countries of the world
-




more .




→ least -

developed countries : no indoor plumbing ,
clean running water ,
or access to education




2.3THEIMPACTOFCULTUREANDETHNKIICOLLEC.TW
1ST CULTURES -

societies that prize social harmony ,
obedience ,
and close family
connectedness over individual achievement .




INDIVIDUALISTIC CULTURES -


societies that prize independence , competition ,
and personal success .




→ western Nations

, QLITHEIMPACTOFAENDERD
Our set / gender defines many aspects of our life

↳ we behave differently and are treated differently


3.THEORIES-LENSESFORLOOKINAATTHELIFES.ph#

3.ABEHAUIORISU.THEOR.la/NALBL0CKBUSTER''NUR
Wentling


TRADITIONAL BEHAVIORISM
-


The original behavioral world view that focused on
" "




charting and modifying only objective visible behaviors .




-
D Watson and B. F- Skinner




3.1.AEXPLORINGREINFORCEMENTOPER.fi
NT CONDITIONING According to traditional behaviorists the of learning
-




,
law

that determines any voluntary response .




→ Responses that are reinforced are learned others extinguished ( extinction )
,




3.A.2TAKlNaADtFFERENTPERSPECTWE:EXPL0RINaC0a


COGNITIVE BEHAVIOR IS U A behavioral that emphasizes that people learn
-


worldview

( SOCIAL by
LEARNING THEORY )
watching others and that our thoughts about the

reinforcers determine our behavior . Cognitive behaviorists

focus on
charting and modifying people 's thoughts .




-
D Albert Bandura



MODELING Learning by watching and imitating others
-



.




→ we tend to model people who are nurturing and whom we categorize
as being like us




SELF EFFICACY According to cognitive behaviorism internal
-

-



,
an

belief in our competence that predicts whether

we initiate activities or
persist in the face of failures
,


and predicts the goals we set .




3.2PSYCHOANACYTKTHEORy:EARLYCHkDHOODANDUNC0NSCi
humic


D
Sigmund Freud transformed the way we think about human beings
↳ psychoanalytic theory
-

D roots of emotional problems lie in repressed feelings from early childhood
D id and
ego superego
-

, ,


↳ Human beings are irrational
life
↳
Lifelong caregiving during
'
mental health depends on our parents early
Self to
↳ -


understanding is key living a
fulfilling adult life

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