Karen Marcdante; Robert Kliegman
TEST BANK
Nelson Essentials of Pediatrics
8th Edition
9780323511452 Nelson Essentials of Pediatrics 8th Edition Marcdante Kliegman Test Bank Chapter 1 Population and Culture Question 1 Type: MCMA The nurse is planning care for an adolescent client who will be hospitalized for several weeks following a traumatic brain injury. Which interventions will enhance family-centered care for this client and family? Standard Text: Select all that apply. 1. Making all ADL decisions for the adolescent and family 2. Asking the adolescent what foods to include during meal time 3. Allowing the family time to pray each day with the adolescent 4. Encouraging the adolescents friends to visit during visiting hours 5. Leaving all questions for the healthcare provider Correct Answer: 2,3,4 Rationale 1: Interventions that will enhance family-centered care for this client and family include asking the adolescent to be an active member of care by making food choices, allowing the family to pray each day with the adolescent, and encouraging the adolescents friends to visit during visiting hours. These interventions each promote the concepts of family-centered care. Making all decisions for the adolescent and family and leaving all questions for the healthcare provider do not promote the concepts of family-centered care. Rationale 2: Interventions that will enhance family-centered care for this client and family include asking the adolescent to be an active member of care by making food choices, allowing the family to pray each day with the adolescent, and encouraging the adolescents friends to visit during visiting hours. These interventions each promote the concepts of family-centered care. Making all decisions for the adolescent and family and leaving all questions for the healthcare provider do not promote the concepts of family-centered care. Rationale 3: Interventions that will enhance family-centered care for this client and family include asking the adolescent to be an active member of care by making food choices, allowing the family to pray each day with the adolescent, and encouraging the adolescents friends to visit during visiting hours. These interventions each promote the concepts of family-centered care. Making all decisions for the adolescent and family and leaving all questions for the healthcare provider do not promote the concepts of family-centered care. Rationale 4: Interventions that will enhance family-centered care for this client and family include asking the adolescent to be an active member of care by making food choices, allowing the family to pray each day with the adolescent, and encouraging the adolescents friends to visit during visiting hours. These interventions each promote the concepts of family-centered care. Making all decisions for the adolescent and family and leaving all questions for the healthcare provider do not promote the concepts of family-centered care. Global Rationale: Interventions that will enhance family-centered care for this client and family include asking the adolescent to be an active member of care by making food choices, allowing the family to pray each day with the adolescent, and encouraging the adolescents friends to visit during visiting hours. These interventions each promote the concepts of family-centered care. Making all decisions for the adolescent and family and leaving all questions for the healthcare provider do not promote the concepts of family-centered care. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance Client Need Sub: Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: LO 2.7 Develop a family-centered nursing care plan for the child and family. Question 2 Type: MCSA A new pediatric hospital will open soon. While planning nursing care, the hospital administration is considering two models of providing health care: family-focused care and family-centered care. Which action best implements family-centered care? 1. Telling the family what must be done for the familys health 2. Assuming the role of an expert professional to direct the health care 3. Intervening for the child and family as a unit 4. Conferring with the family in deciding which healthcare option will be chosen Correct Answer: 4 Rationale 1: The benefit of employing the family-centered-care philosophy is that the priorities and needs as seen by the family are addressed as a partnership between a family and a nurse develops. In family-focused care, the healthcare worker assumes the role of professional expert while missing the multiple contributions the family brings to the healthcare meeting. Rationale 2: The benefit of employing the family-centered-care philosophy is that the priorities and needs as seen by the family are addressed as a partnership between a family and a nurse develops. In family-focused care, the healthcare worker assumes the role of professional expert while missing the multiple contributions the family brings to the healthcare meeting. Rationale 3: The benefit of employing the family-centered-care philosophy is that the priorities and needs as seen by the family are addressed as a partnership between a family and a nurse develops. In family-focused care, the healthcare worker assumes the role of professional expert while missing the multiple contributions the family brings to the healthcare meeting. Rationale 4: The benefit of employing the family-centered-care philosophy is that the priorities and needs as seen by the family are addressed as a partnership between a family and a nurse develops. In family-focused care, the healthcare worker assumes the role of professional expert while missing the multiple contributions the family brings to the healthcare meeting. Global Rationale: The benefit of employing the family-centered-care philosophy is that the priorities and needs as seen by the family are addressed as a partnership between a family and a nurse develops. In family-focused care, the healthcare worker assumes the role of professional expert while missing the multiple contributions the family brings to the healthcare meeting. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Planning Learning Outcome: LO 2.1 Describe key concepts of family-centered care. Question 3 Type: MCSA A school-age client tells you that Grandpa, Mommy, Daddy, and my brother live at my house. Which type of family will the nurse identify in the medical record based on this description? 1. Binuclear family 2. Extended family 3. Gay or lesbian family 4. Traditional nuclear family Correct Answer: 2 Rationale 1: An extended family contains a parent or a couple who share the house with their children and another adult relative. A binuclear family includes the divorced parents who have joint custody of their biologic children, while the children alternate spending varying amounts of time in the home of each parent. A gay or lesbian family is comprised of two same-sex domestic partners; they may or may not have children. The traditional nuclear family consists of an employed provider parent, a homemaking parent, and the biologic children of this union. Rationale 2: An extended family contains a parent or a couple who share the house with their children and another adult relative. A binuclear family includes the divorced parents who have joint custody of their biologic children, while the children alternate spending varying amounts of time in the home of each parent. A gay or lesbian family is comprised of two same-sex domestic partners; they may or may not have children. The traditional nuclear family consists of an employed provider parent, a homemaking parent, and the biologic children of this union. Rationale 3: An extended family contains a parent or a couple who share the house with their children and another adult relative. A binuclear family includes the divorced parents who have joint custody of their biologic children, while the children alternate spending varying amounts of time in the home of each parent. A gay or lesbian family is comprised of two same-sex domestic partners; they may or may not have children. The traditional nuclear family consists of an employed provider parent, a homemaking parent, and the biologic children of this union. Rationale 4: An extended family contains a parent or a couple who share the house with their children and another adult relative. A binuclear family includes the divorced parents who have joint custody of their biologic children, while the children alternate spending varying amounts of time in the home of each parent. A gay or lesbian family is comprised of two same-sex domestic partners; they may or may not have children. The traditional nuclear family consists of an employed provider parent, a homemaking parent, and the biologic children of this union. Global Rationale: An extended family contains a parent or a couple who share the house with their children and another adult relative. A binuclear family includes the divorced parents who have joint custody of their biologic children, while the children alternate spending varying amounts of time in the home of each parent. A gay or lesbian family is comprised of two same-sex domestic partners; they may or may not have children. The traditional nuclear family consists of an employed provider parent, a homemaking parent, and the biologic children of this union. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance Client Need Sub: Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment Learning Outcome: LO 2.2 Identify characteristics of different types of families. Question 4 Type: MCSA The nurse is performing an assessment of a childs biologic family history. Which situation would necessitate the nurses asking the mother for information should use the term childs father instead of your husband? 1. Traditional nuclear family 2. Traditional extended family 3. Two-income nuclear family 4. Cohabitating informal stepfamily Correct Answer: 4 Rationale 1: The mother from the cohabitating informal stepfamily does not have a husband; the nurse should be asking about the childs father. In the traditional nuclear family, the traditional extended family, and the two-income nuclear family, the childs father is the same person as the mothers husband. Rationale 2: The mother from the cohabitating informal stepfamily does not have a husband; the nurse should be asking about the childs father. In the traditional nuclear family, the traditional extended family, and the two-income nuclear family, the childs father is the same person as the mothers husband. Rationale 3: The mother from the cohabitating informal stepfamily does not have a husband; the nurse should be asking about the childs father. In the traditional nuclear family, the traditional extended family, and the two-income nuclear family, the childs father is the same person as the mothers husband. Rationale 4: The mother from the cohabitating informal stepfamily does not have a husband; the nurse should be asking about the childs father. In the traditional nuclear family, the traditional extended family, and the two-income nuclear family, the childs father is the same person as the mothers husband. Global Rationale: The mother from the cohabitating informal stepfamily does not have a husband; the nurse should be asking about the childs father. In the traditional nuclear family, the traditional extended family, and the two-income nuclear family, the childs father is the same person as the mothers husband. Cognitive Level: Analyzing Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance Client Need Sub: Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment Learning Outcome: LO 2.2 Identify characteristics of different types of families. Question 5 Type: MCSA Several children arrived at the emergency department accompanied only by their fathers. Which father may legally sign emergency medical consent for treatment? 1. The divorced one from the binuclear family 2. The stepfather from the blended or reconstituted family 3. The divorced one when the single-parent mother has custody 4. The nonbiologic one from the heterosexual cohabitating family Correct Answer: 1 Rationale 1: The divorced father from the binuclear family may sign informed consent because he has equal legal rights with the mother under joint-custody arrangements. The nonbiologic stepfather from the blended or reconstituted family, the divorced biologic father when the single-parent mother has custody, and the nonbiologic father from the heterosexual cohabitating family are without legal authority to seek emergency medical care for the child. Rationale 2: The divorced father from the binuclear family may sign informed consent because he has equal legal rights with the mother under joint-custody arrangements. The nonbiologic stepfather from the blended or reconstituted family, the divorced biologic father when the single-parent mother has custody, and the nonbiologic father from the heterosexual cohabitating family are without legal authority to seek emergency medical care for the child. Rationale 3: The divorced father from the binuclear family may sign informed consent because he has equal legal rights with the mother under joint-custody arrangements. The nonbiologic stepfather from the blended or reconstituted family, the divorced biologic father when the single-parent mother has custody, and the nonbiologic father from the heterosexual cohabitating family are without legal authority to seek emergency medical care for the child. Rationale 4: The divorced father from the binuclear family may sign informed consent because he has equal legal rights with the mother under joint-custody arrangements. The nonbiologic stepfather from the blended or reconstituted family, the divorced biologic father when the single-parent mother has custody, and the nonbiologic father from the heterosexual cohabitating family are without legal authority to seek emergency medical care for the child. Global Rationale: The divorced father from the binuclear family may sign informed consent because he has equal legal rights with the mother under joint-custody arrangements. The nonbiologic stepfather from the blended or reconstituted family, the divorced biologic father when the single-parent mother has custody, and the nonbiologic father from the heterosexual cohabitating family are without legal authority to seek emergency medical care for the child. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment Client Need Sub: Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Planning Learning Outcome: LO 2.2 Identify characteristics of different types of families. Question 6 Type: MCSA The community-health nurse is assessing several families for various strengths and needs in regard to after-school and backup child-care arrangements. Which family type will benefit the most from this assessment and subsequent interventions? 1. The binuclear family 2. The extended family 3. The single-parent family 4. The traditional nuclear family Correct Answer: 3 Rationale 1: The single-parent family most typically lacks social, emotional, and financial resources. Nursing considerations for such families should include referrals to options that will enable the parent to fulfill work commitments while providing the child with access to resources that can support the childs growth and development. The binuclear family, the extended family, and the traditional nuclear family generally have at least two adults who can share in the care and the nurturing of its children. Rationale 2: The single-parent family most typically lacks social, emotional, and financial resources. Nursing considerations for such families should include referrals to options that will enable the parent to fulfill work commitments while providing the child with access to resources that can support the childs growth and development. The binuclear family, the extended family, and the traditional nuclear family generally have at least two adults who can share in the care and the nurturing of its children. Rationale 3: The single-parent family most typically lacks social, emotional, and financial resources. Nursing considerations for such families should include referrals to options that will enable the parent to fulfill work commitments while providing the child with access to resources that can support the childs growth and development. The binuclear family, the extended family, and the traditional nuclear family generally have at least two adults who can share in the care and the nurturing of its children. Rationale 4: The single-parent family most typically lacks social, emotional, and financial resources. Nursing considerations for such families should include referrals to options that will enable the parent to fulfill work commitments while providing the child with access to resources that can support the childs growth and development. The binuclear family, the extended family, and the traditional nuclear family generally have at least two adults who can share in the care and the nurturing of its children. Global Rationale: The single-parent family most typically lacks social, emotional, and financial resources. Nursing considerations for such families should include referrals to options that will enable the parent to fulfill work commitments while providing the child with access to resources that can support the childs growth and development. The binuclear family, the extended family, and the traditional nuclear family generally have at least two adults who can share in the care and the nurturing of its children. Cognitive Level: Applying Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance Client Need Sub: Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment Learning Outcome: LO 2.2 Identify characteristics of different types of families. Question 7 Type: MCSA The nurse is working on parenting skills with a group of mothers. Which mother would need the fewest discipline-related suggestions? 1. Authoritarian one 2. Authoritative one 3. Indifferent one 4. Permissive one Correct Answer: 2 Rationale 1: The parenting style that results in positive outcomes for the behavior and learning of its children is the authoritative style. Nurses have observed that children from homes using this parental style more frequently have personalities manifesting self-reliance, self-control, and social competence. These parents should be praised for using the preferred approach. Children in the authoritarian parenting family are denied opportunity to develop some skills in the areas of self-direction, communication, and negotiation. Under the permissive parenting style, children do not learn the socially acceptable limits of behaviors. The indifferent parenting style results in children who often exhibit destructive behaviors and delinquency. Rationale 2: The parenting style that results in positive outcomes for the behavior and learning of its children is the authoritative style. Nurses have observed that children from homes using this parental style more frequently have personalities manifesting self-reliance, self-control, and social competence. These parents should be praised for using the preferred approach. Children in the authoritarian parenting family are denied opportunity to develop some skills in the areas of self-direction, communication, and negotiation. Under the permissive parenting style, children do not learn the socially acceptable limits of behaviors. The indifferent parenting style results in children who often exhibit destructive behaviors and delinquency. Rationale 3: The parenting style that results in positive outcomes for the behavior and learning of its children is the authoritative style. Nurses have observed that children from homes using this parental style more frequently have personalities manifesting self- reliance, self-control, and social competence. These parents should be praised for using the preferred approach. Children in the authoritarian parenting family are denied opportunity to develop some skills in the areas of self-direction, communication, and negotiation. Under the permissive parenting style, children do not learn the socially acceptable limits of behaviors. The indifferent parenting style results in children who often exhibit destructive behaviors and delinquency. Rationale 4: The parenting style that results in positive outcomes for the behavior and learning of its children is the authoritative style. Nurses have observed that children from homes using this parental style more frequently have personalities manifesting self-reliance, self-control, and social competence. These parents should be praised for using the preferred approach. Children in the authoritarian parenting family are denied opportunity to develop some skills in the areas of self-direction, communication, and negotiation. Under the permissive parenting style, children do not learn the socially acceptable limits of behaviors. The indifferent parenting style results in children who often exhibit destructive behaviors and delinquency. Global Rationale: The parenting style that results in positive outcomes for the behavior and learning of its children is the authoritative style. Nurses have observed that children from homes using this parental style more frequently have personalities manifesting self-reliance, self-control, and social competence. These parents should be praised for using the preferred approach. Children in the authoritarian parenting family are denied opportunity to develop some skills in the areas of self-direction, communication, and negotiation. Under the permissive parenting style, children do not learn the socially acceptable limits of behaviors. The indifferent parenting style results in children who often exhibit destructive behaviors and delinquency. Cognitive Level: Analyzing Client Need: Psychosocial Integrity Client Need Sub: Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation Learning Outcome: LO 2.3 Contrast four different parenting styles and analyze their impact on child personality development. Question 8 Type: MCSA The nurse in the pediatric clinic observes a parental lack of warmth and interest toward the child. Which family style will the nurse most likely document in this situation? 1. Authoritarian 2. Authoritative 3. Indifferent 4. Permissive Correct Answer: 3 Rationale 1: Parents displaying the indifferent parenting style fail to demonstrate consistent warmth and interest in their children. Parents who favor the authoritarian style may exhibit a punitive attitude toward the child who is misbehaving but are not disinterested. Parents employing the authoritative style and the permissive style have children who report that my parent loves me and shows affection regularly. Rationale 2: Parents displaying the indifferent parenting style fail to demonstrate consistent warmth and interest in their children. Parents who favor the authoritarian style may exhibit a punitive attitude toward the child who is misbehaving but are not disinterested. Parents employing the authoritative style and the permissive style have children who report that my parent loves me and shows affection regularly. Rationale 3: Parents displaying the indifferent parenting style fail to demonstrate consistent warmth and interest in their children. Parents who favor the authoritarian style may exhibit a punitive attitude toward the child who is misbehaving but are not disinterested. Parents employing the authoritative style and the permissive style have children who report that my parent loves me and shows affection regularly. Rationale 4: Parents displaying the indifferent parenting style fail to demonstrate consistent warmth and interest in their children. Parents who favor the authoritarian style may exhibit a punitive attitude toward the child who is misbehaving but are not disinterested. Parents employing the authoritative style and the permissive style have children who report that my parent loves me and shows affection regularly. Global Rationale: Parents displaying the indifferent parenting style fail to demonstrate consistent warmth and interest in their children. Parents who favor the authoritarian style may exhibit a punitive attitude toward the child who is misbehaving but are not disinterested. Parents employing the authoritative style and the permissive style have children who report that my parent loves me and shows affection regularly. Cognitive Level: Analyzing Client Need: Psychosocial Integrity Client Need Sub: Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment Learning Outcome: LO 2.3 Contrast four different parenting styles and analyze their impact on child personality development. Question 9 Type: MCSA The nurse is working on parenting skills with a mother of three children. The nurse demonstrates a strategy that uses reward to increase positive behavior. Which strategy will the nurse document in the medical record based on this description? 1. Time out 2. Reasoning 3. Behavior modification 4. Experiencing consequences of misbehavior Correct Answer: 3 Rationale 1: Behavior modification identifies and gives rewards for desired behaviors. Time out and experiencing consequences of misbehavior show the child that unacceptable behavior brings undesirable outcomes. Reasoning attempts to use explanation to end misbehavior.
