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Samenvatting SV Gerechtelijk Recht + Ex vragen (15/20)
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Sv en examenvragen, door het studere met behulp van deze samenvatting heb ik voor dit vak een 15/20 kunnen scoren.
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lOMoAR cPSD| 11187164, lOMoAR cPSD| 11187164
GERECHTELIJK RECHT
Samenvatting 2022
, lOMoAR cPSD| 11187164
INHOUD
Inleiding................................................................................................................................................................. 12
A. Materieel Voorwerp ..................................................................................................................................... 12
B. Formeel Voorwerp ........................................................................................................................................ 12
Hoofdstuk 1. De jurisdictionele rechtshandeling .................................................................................................. 13
A. Materiële begripsomschrijving ..................................................................................................................... 13
1. De rechter neemt kennis van het geschil .................................................................................................. 13
2. Rechtsgeschil ............................................................................................................................................. 13
3. De rechter “spreekt recht” ........................................................................................................................ 14
4. De rechter “beslecht” het geschil (trancheren) belangrijk.................................................................... 14
A. GEzag van het rechterlijke gewijsde (art. 23-25 Ger. W.) – EXAMEN ................................... 14
b. Negatief aspect van het rechterlijk gewijsde ........................................................................ 15
c. positief aspect van het rechterlijk gewijsde .......................................................................... 16
d. Gezag van gewijsde: wezenskenmerk of uitvloeisel?............................................................ 16
B. Organieke en formele begripsomschrijving .................................................................................................. 17
c. onderscheid met andere publiekrechtelijke rechtshandelingen ................................................................... 17
Hoofdstuk 2. Behoorlijke rechtsbedeling .............................................................................................................. 18
A. Begrip ............................................................................................................................................................ 18
B. Bronnen......................................................................................................................................................... 18
1. Intern recht ............................................................................................................................................... 18
2. Internationaal recht .................................................................................................................................. 19
3. Positie in de hiërarchie der normen en handhaving van die positie ......................................................... 19
C. Overzicht ....................................................................................................................................................... 19
1. Algemene beginselen van behoorlijke rechtsbedeling ............................................................................. 19
a. Toegang tot een rechterlijke instantie .................................................................................. 19
b. een rechter kan slechts bij wet worden ingesteld (“nullum iudicium sine lege”) ................. 20
c. Respect voor de bevoegdheid van de rechter ....................................................................... 21
d. onafhankelijkheid en onpartijdigheid van de rechter (belangrijk) ........................................ 21
e. Gelijkheid voor de rechter ..................................................................................................... 22
F. “Eerlijke behandeling” en “recht van verdediging” (belangrijk)............................................ 22
g. Openbare behandeling .......................................................................................................... 23
h. Uitspraak binnen een redelijke termijn................................................................................. 24
i. Motivering van de uitspraak................................................................................................... 24
j. Openbaarmaking van de uitspraak......................................................................................... 25
Hoofdstuk 3. Bronnen van gerechtelijk recht (zie slides college 4)....................................................................... 26
Werkingssfeer ................................................................................................................................................... 26
1
, lOMoAR cPSD| 11187164
A. Wetgeving ..................................................................................................................................................... 26
1. Overzicht interne wetgeving ..................................................................................................................... 26
a. Grondwet ............................................................................................................................... 26
b. Federale formele wetten....................................................................................................... 26
c. reglementaire uitvoeringsbesluiten ...................................................................................... 27
d. Wetgeving van de gemeenschappen en de gewesten .......................................................... 27
e. Reglementaire omzendbrieven? ........................................................................................... 27
2. Gerechtelijk wetboek, gemeen procesrecht? ........................................................................................... 27
3. Internationale wetgeving .......................................................................................................................... 27
4. De onmiddellijke uitwerking van de nieuwe procedurewet ..................................................................... 29
5. De interpretatie van de procedurewet ..................................................................................................... 29
B. Algemene rechtsbeginselen .......................................................................................................................... 29
C. Gewoonterecht ............................................................................................................................................. 29
D. Soft law? ....................................................................................................................................................... 29
E. Gezaghebbende bronnen: rechtspraak en rechtsleer ................................................................................... 30
Hoofdstuk IV. De gerechtelijke organisatie (examen: codexvragen) .................................................................... 31
A. Hoven en rechtbanken.................................................................................................................................. 31
1. Inrichting ................................................................................................................................................... 31
A. Hertekening gerechtelijk landschap ...................................................................................... 31
3. Samenstelling: bijzonder ........................................................................................................................... 33
a. niet-beroepsrechters ............................................................................................................. 33
b. Mobiliteitsregeling ................................................................................................................ 35
4. Afdelingen ................................................................................................................................................. 35
5. Secties ....................................................................................................................................................... 35
6. Kamers....................................................................................................................................................... 35
7. De alleenzetelende of alleenrechtsprekende rechters ............................................................................. 35
8. Het statuut van de “zittende” magistratuur.............................................................................................. 36
a. Benoeming en bevordering ................................................................................................... 36
b. Inruststelling .......................................................................................................................... 37
c. Bijzondere rechten en plichten.............................................................................................. 37
d. Aansprakelijkheid .................................................................................................................. 37
B. Openbaar ministerie (“staande magistratuur”) ............................................................................................ 38
1. Opdracht in burgerlijke zaken ................................................................................................................... 38
2. inrichting ................................................................................................................................................... 39
3. Statuut ....................................................................................................................................................... 39
C. Referendarissen en parketjuristen ................................................................................................................ 40
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