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Summary LMDF4814 - Abortion / Termination of pregnancy $2.77
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Summary LMDF4814 - Abortion / Termination of pregnancy

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Medicina Forensis (LMDF4814) EXAM & TEST summaries including case discussions.

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  • May 31, 2019
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  • 2018/2019
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UNIT 11
ABORTION AND TERMINATION OF PREGNANCY


DEFINITON OF ABORTION


 A human being has certain rights and obligations
 Questions raised:
1. Does an unborn Foetus have rights?
2. Will an abortion be seen as a form of euthanasia?
3. What is meant by the term abortion/termination of pregnancy?
Definition:
 Abortion means the abortion of a living Foetus of a woman with the intent to kill the Foetus

Burchess and Militon define abortion as:
 The unlawful termination of the pregnancy of a human female

Schwar says abortion means:
 The intentional or spontaneous termination of a pregnancy before the Foetus is viable

Choice on termination of pregnancy act 92 or 1996 says termination means:
 The separation and expulsion by medical or surgical means of the content of the uterus of a
pregnant women


Various types of termination of pregnancies:


Three types of terminations:
1. Spontaneous or natural termination
2. Therapeutic
3. Criminal

a. Spontaneous or natural termination:
1. Threatened abortions
2. Inevitable abortions
3. Incomplete abortions
4. Concealed abortions
5. Habitual or repeated abortions
6. Septic abortions

b. Therapeutic termination of pregnancy:
 If a legally permissible indication exists and all legal requirements are fulfilled then a
pregnancy (where the Foetus is alive) may be therapeutically terminated by the
removal of the gestational product


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, c. Criminal termination of pregnancy:
 Like the therapeutic procedure = criminal abortion is also the intentional termination
of a pregnancy with the purpose of killing the living Foetus BUT without complying
with the requirements of the act
 The abortion may be performed by:
1. Professional person who doesn’t use scientific methods
2. By the woman herself
3. By a friend

Illegal methods:
 Various methods can be used to terminate a pregnancy but are illegal
 Symptoms and signs of a criminal abortion with complications depends on:
1. The proficiency of the person performing the abortion
2. Methods used
3. Duration of the pregnancy
 Criminal abortions are associated with the following (not suffered by the other
methods):
1. Fever
2. Vaginal infections
3. Sepsis signs

Septic abortions:
 Like criminal abortions
 The less professional the person who performs the procedure = the higher the risk
or incidence of complications



Elements of the crime:


The essential elements:
1. Termination = The separation and expulsion by medical means of the content of the uterus
2. Unlawfulness = Only terminated by the informed consent of the mother and certain stages of
the pregnancy are taken into account
3. Fault = Intention is required
4. Medical practitioner or registered midwife:
1. In the first 12 weeks = a registered midwife can perform abortion
2. All other stages = registered medical practitioners




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