CONTINENCE EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

% of women 60 with continence problems - Answer-40% % of men 60 with continence problems - Answer-20% % in care homes who are incontinent - Answer-50% Urinary incontinence - Answer-The involuntary loss of urine Stress incontinence - Answer-Involuntary leakage of urine caused by failure of the bladder outlet to remain closed when intra-abdominal pressure rises = Urinary outlet weakness Detruser overactivity - Answer-The bladder contracts spontaneously during filling as the patient attempts to prevent micturition Nocturia - Answer-The need to pass urine during the night which awakens one from sleep Nocturnal polyuria - Answer-Passing 33% bladder volume during the night Overactive bladder - Answer-Syndrome including urinary urge + urge incontinence Urgency - Answer-Sudden, compelling desire to pass urine Urge incontinence - Answer-Involuntary leakage of urine accompanied/preceded by urgency = Failure of the bladder to store urine because of high bladder pressure Hesitancy - Answer-Involuntary delay or inability in starting the urinary stream Mixed incontinence - Answer-Stress + urge incontinence Bladder outlet obstruction - Answer-A bladder that is overfull & overflows Fistulae - Answer-Abnormal communications between epithelial surfaces Functional incontinence - Answer-Incontinence due to general impairment (cognitive, affective) Sacral plexus parasympathetic nerve root (& origin) - Answer-Pudendal nerve S2, 3, 4 St