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Nursing 3100 Exam 2 calcium Solutions (100% Verified)
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Nursing 3100 Exam 2 calcium Solutions (100% Verified)
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Nursing 3100 Exam 2 calcium Solutions(100% Verified)
1. List 6 factors that enhance calcium absorption - ANS-Need (growth and
pregnancy) Acidity
Lactose (milk sugar)
Vitamin D
Fat (increases residence of calcium)
Exercise (bone growth and remodeling)
sources of calcium - ANS-Dairy, broccoli, kale, almonds beans, sardines, soy
19. List 5 factors that decrease calcium absorption - ANS-Inadequate Vitamin D and
PTH
Excess dietary fat or decreased lipase
Excess fiber, oxalic acid, phytates
Excess non-calcium antacids (Makes more alkaline and calcium cannot be broken
down)
Lactase deficiency
Reduced Ca:P ratio (2:1 is ideal)
List 2 factors that can increase the renal elimination of calcium. - ANS-High Protein Diet
Prolonged immobility (of Pt's causes calcium to leave when muscles are not being used
(astronauts "use it or lose it"))
functions of calcium - ANS-Bone, tooth formation
Metabolic functions
? Dec risk hypertension
? Dec symptoms of PMS? (Several USDA studies)
hypocalcemia is due to - ANS-Decreased ionized Ca++ due to excess phosphorus
Decreased Vit D or PTH
Rx (e.g. furosemide)
Fluid loss
, hypocalcemia can result in - ANS-tetany and carpopedal spasm (trusseau's sign)
calcium toxicity - ANS-Excess calcium carbonate causes acid rebound, calcium
overload
Take all divalent minerals at least 2 hours apart from other meds (4 hours apart from
levothyroxine)
Avoid bone meal (lead), dolomite (arsenic), oyster shell (copper)
Calcium carbonate increases risk GI bleeding with aspirin or NSAIDS
21. List 4 common health problems in adults for which people self-medicate with
calcium supplements. - ANS-Reduce PMS
Hypertension
Acid reflux (calcium works as an antacid)
Osteoporosis (Cannot build up bone, but can try and maintain it)
List possible adverse effects of taking a calcium supplement (e.g. calcium carbonate as
in TUMS) at the same time as other medications, nutritional supplements, or food. -
ANS-By taking calcium supplements especially with NSAIDS it can cause stomach
ulcers because it removes protective coating of the stomach and it increases acidity and
over production of stomach acid
Should be taken 4 hours apart from Level Thyroxine
Give 2 reasons why it is advisable to take a calcium supplement with a glass of 1% low
fat milk. - ANS--Having fat in the system will increase the longevity and residence time
of calcium in the system (too much fat will cause diarrhea)
-The milk will provide lactose which will assist in absorption and prevent acid rebound)
-Milk has vitamin D
24. There are new concerns regarding middle aged and older adults taking calcium from
supplements (regardless of whether the supplement also has vitamin D) rather than from
food. What are these concerns and what data support them? - ANS-Surge of Calcium
creates risk of having excess
can lead to heart attack
Increased calcium would waste magnesium levels...
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