NUR 416 (peds) Final Exam Umaine- Questions with Answers

adolescent varients -Wisdom teeth develop. -Prefrontal cortex is underdeveloped until late adolescence. -Onset of puberty. -Growth plates close in middle to late adolescence. -Muscle development is greater in males. -Active sebaceous glands lead to acne. -Apocrine sweat glands increase. -Skeletal growth occurs before muscle growth Pubertal development -predictable sequence of physical changes that occur sequentially during adolescence resulting in sexual and physical maturation. puberty females puberty males Physical Growth of Adolescents -Height o Growth spurts vary based on age and gender. o Females grow 3 to 3.5 in per year during growth spurt. o Males grow 3.5 to 4 in per year during growth spurt. -Weight o Healthy body mass index between 5th and 85th percentile. o Body fat increases in females. o Muscle mass increases in males. Psychosocial development adolescents -Erikson's stage of identity vs. role confusion -In their search for identity, adolescents experiment with different styles, activities, and peer groups. -Exploration of personal values and beliefs -Self-conscious about changing body and concerned with attractiveness -Body image stabilizes and identity forms in late adolescence -Adolescents experiencing role confusion may move frequently among peer groups or schools and often participate in risky behaviors. Nutrition for Adolescents -Teach children about specific caloric needs. -Allow children to assist with meal planning and cooking. -Educate them about making healthy food choices, especially when eating out. -Discuss dangers of fad dieting. -Emphasize dangers of energy drinks. -Peers have greater influence on diet than parents or family.