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Samenvatting van het vak onderzoekende kinderen Delen techniek, wiskunde en niet-levende natuur Info uit boek en powerpoints
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KRACHTIG LEREN:ONDERZOEKENDE
KINDEREN
Amber Cloetens
2023-2024
,Deel 1: Techniek ........................................................................................................................ - 7 -
1/ Techniek ............................................................................................................................... - 7 -
STEM ........................................................................................................................................... - 7 -
Vanuit een onderzoekende & ontwerpende houding................................................................... - 7 -
Techniek ...................................................................................................................................... - 8 -
De 4 kerncomponenten van techniek ........................................................................................ - 8 -
Dimensies van techniek ........................................................................................................... - 9 -
Technische geletterdheid ..................................................................................................... - 9 -
Dimensies techniek + technische geletterdheid .................................................................... - 9 -
Hoe kijken we naar techniek? ................................................................................................... - 9 -
Toepassingsgebieden techniek ................................................................................................- 10 -
Techniek gebruiken ..................................................................................................................... - 10 -
Techniek activiteit ...................................................................................................................- 10 -
Techniek activiteit versus technisch proces ..............................................................................- 11 -
Voorbeeld vogelhok ................................................................................................................- 11 -
2/ Constructies ....................................................................................................................... - 12 -
Wat zijn constructies .................................................................................................................. - 12 -
Stevigheid van constructies ........................................................................................................ - 12 -
Welke krachten werken in op constructies? ..............................................................................- 12 -
Materiaal? ..............................................................................................................................- 12 -
Vorm ......................................................................................................................................- 13 -
Verbindingstechnieken ............................................................................................................- 13 -
Vaste verbindingen .............................................................................................................- 13 -
Losmaakbare verbindingen .................................................................................................- 13 -
Bruggen als voorbeeld van een constructie .................................................................................. - 14 -
De verschillende onderdelen van een brug ...............................................................................- 14 -
Ontwerpen van een brug .........................................................................................................- 14 -
Vakwerkbrug ......................................................................................................................- 14 -
Tuibrug of kabelbrug ...........................................................................................................- 15 -
Hangbrug ...........................................................................................................................- 15 -
Boogbrug ...........................................................................................................................- 15 -
Kantelbruggen ....................................................................................................................- 15 -
Rolbasculebrug ..................................................................................................................- 15 -
3/ Licht ................................................................................................................................... - 16 -
Wat is licht? ............................................................................................................................... - 16 -
Soorten lichtbronnen/eigenschappen lichtbron ........................................................................- 16 -
Lichtstralen ............................................................................................................................- 16 -
Soorten donkere lichamen ......................................................................................................- 17 -
Spectrum ...............................................................................................................................- 17 -
Eigenschappen van licht ............................................................................................................. - 17 -
Weerkaatsing..........................................................................................................................- 17 -
Wat bij mist? ......................................................................................................................- 18 -
Absorptie................................................................................................................................- 18 -
Kleurenleer.........................................................................................................................- 18 -
Licht absorberen ................................................................................................................- 18 -
Lichtbreking............................................................................................................................- 19 -
Lenzen ...............................................................................................................................- 19 -
Wit licht op een cd ..............................................................................................................- 20 -
Regenboog .........................................................................................................................- 20 -
- 1-
, Toepassingen van licht................................................................................................................ - 20 -
De lamp .................................................................................................................................- 20 -
De verpakking van een lamp ................................................................................................- 21 -
Niet zichtbaar licht ..................................................................................................................- 21 -
UV-licht ..............................................................................................................................- 21 -
Infraroodlicht .....................................................................................................................- 22 -
Glasvezels ..........................................................................................................................- 22 -
4/ Biochemie........................................................................................................................... - 23 -
Voedselbederf............................................................................................................................ - 23 -
Bacteriën................................................................................................................................- 23 -
Gisten ....................................................................................................................................- 24 -
Voedsel bewaren........................................................................................................................ - 24 -
Bewaren door hoge temperatuur..............................................................................................- 25 -
Bewaren door lage temperatuur...............................................................................................- 25 -
De werking van een koelkast / ijskast ...................................................................................- 25 -
Andere bewaarmethodes ........................................................................................................- 26 -
Verpakking ................................................................................................................................. - 27 -
Verpakking lezen .....................................................................................................................- 28 -
Voorbeelden van biochemische processen.................................................................................. - 29 -
Bewerken van melk om te bewaren ..........................................................................................- 29 -
Andere biochemische processen .............................................................................................- 30 -
4/ Materiaal ............................................................................................................................ - 31 -
Deel 2: Computationeel denken ............................................................................................... - 33 -
Wat is computationeel denken? .................................................................................................. - 33 -
4 kernconcepten ........................................................................................................................ - 33 -
Algoritmen..............................................................................................................................- 33 -
Decompositie .........................................................................................................................- 34 -
Patroonherkenning..................................................................................................................- 34 -
Abstractie ...............................................................................................................................- 35 -
Cruciale ondersteunende attitudes ............................................................................................. - 35 -
Deel 3: Wiskunde en niet-levende natuur ................................................................................. - 36 -
1/ Evenredigheid ..................................................................................................................... - 36 -
Begrippen .................................................................................................................................. - 36 -
Evenredigheid .........................................................................................................................- 36 -
Recht evenredig ......................................................................................................................- 37 -
Omgekeerd evenredig .............................................................................................................- 38 -
Oefeningen ................................................................................................................................ - 38 -
- 2-
, 2/ Samengestelde grootheden: snelheid .................................................................................. - 41 -
Didactiek ................................................................................................................................... - 41 -
Afstand ..................................................................................................................................- 41 -
Tijd .........................................................................................................................................- 41 -
Leerplan.............................................................................................................................- 41 -
Ontwikkeling tijdsbegrip bij een kind ....................................................................................- 42 -
Tijdstip ...............................................................................................................................- 42 -
Tijdsduur: meetlijn ..............................................................................................................- 43 -
Voorbeeld STEM .................................................................................................................- 45 -
Snelheid .................................................................................................................................- 46 -
Meetlijn ..............................................................................................................................- 46 -
Oefeningen ................................................................................................................................ - 48 -
Onderzoeksvragen ..................................................................................................................... - 49 -
3/ Samengestelde grootheden: massadichtheid ....................................................................... - 50 -
Instap ........................................................................................................................................ - 50 -
Verhouding tussen massa en volume .......................................................................................... - 50 -
Massa ....................................................................................................................................- 50 -
Volume...................................................................................................................................- 50 -
Definitie .................................................................................................................................- 51 -
Meetlijn ..................................................................................................................................... - 51 -
4/ Krachten ............................................................................................................................. - 54 -
Wat is kracht? ............................................................................................................................ - 54 -
Mogelijke gevolgen van een kracht ...........................................................................................- 54 -
Krachten tekenen ....................................................................................................................- 55 -
Oefening: teken alle krachten die ingrijpen op Maria .............................................................- 55 -
Soorten krachten........................................................................................................................ - 56 -
Contactkrachten versus veldkrachten ......................................................................................- 56 -
Zwaartekracht ........................................................................................................................- 56 -
Normaalkracht .......................................................................................................................- 57 -
Veerkracht ..............................................................................................................................- 57 -
Wrijvingskracht .......................................................................................................................- 57 -
Krachten samenstellen ............................................................................................................... - 58 -
De resultante tekenen .............................................................................................................- 58 -
Voorbeeldoefening: ............................................................................................................- 59 -
Kracht en beweging .................................................................................................................... - 60 -
Eerste wet van Newton: traagheidswet (inertie) ........................................................................- 60 -
Tweede wet van Newton: krachtwet .........................................................................................- 61 -
Oefening ............................................................................................................................- 61 -
Derde wet van Newton: actie en reactie ...................................................................................- 62 -
Wetten van Newton samengevat..............................................................................................- 62 -
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