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Apuntes de clase PROBABILIDAD y POLIEDROS

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Apuntes para examen de Poliedros y Probabilidad de matemáticas de 2 ESO, perfectamente explicado y resumido.

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  • May 30, 2024
  • 2
  • 2023/2024
  • Class notes
  • Ana
  • All classes
  • Secondary school
  • ESO
  • 2
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·PROBABILIDAD·
- EXPERIMENTO DETERMINISTA: Se conoce el resultado antes de su realización.
- EXPERIMENTO ALEATORIO: Se conocen todos los posibles resultados, pero no se sabe el
resultado antes de su realización.
(Cada uno de los posibles resultados, de un experimento aleatorio,
se le llama suceso elemental)
- ESPACIO MUESTRAL (E) : Conjunto de todos los sucesos elementales.

EJ: E = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)

- SUCESO : Subconjunto del espacio muestral.
● SUCESO SEGURO: Puede ocurrir y coincide con el espacio muestral.
● SUCESO IMPOSIBLE: No puede ocurrir.

- Formas de representación: TABLAS y DIAGRAMAS DE ÁRBOL

EJ: Lanzar una moneda y un dado.

1 2 3 4 5 6

CARA (C) C.1 C.2 C.3 C.4 C.5 C.6

CRUZ (X) X.1 X.2 X.3 X.4 X.5 X.6


- FRECUENCIA RELATIVA DE UN SUCESO: Número de veces que sale un
suceso elemental cuando se repite un experimento.
- PROBABILIDAD: Entre 0 y 1. P(A) - Probabilidad del suceso A
(Cuanto más probable es, más cerca del 1)

𝐹𝑎𝑣𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑠
- REGLA DE LAPLACE: 𝑃(𝐴) = 𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑠

EJ: Lanzamos un dado, y calculamos la posibilidad del suceso A (sacar un dos).

𝐹𝑎𝑣𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑠 1
𝑃(𝐴) = 𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑠
→ 𝑃(𝐴) = 6
= 0, 16

𝐹𝑎𝑣𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑠 3
Y del suceso B (sacar un nº par) 𝑃(𝐵) = 𝑃𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑠
→ 𝑃(𝐵) = 6
= 0, 5

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