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Samenvatting - Internationale Handel

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Dit is een samenvatting van het vak internationale handel gegeven aan bedrijfsmanagement in Thomas More Mechelen door Peter Wielockx. Dit is een samenvatting van alle lessen en powerpoints. Met deze samenvatting ken je alles voor het examen. De gastles over douane is niet samengevat aangezien dit h...

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  • May 31, 2024
  • 62
  • 2023/2024
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Interna'onale handel

Table of Contents
Hoofdstuk 1 ....................................................................................................................... 4
Inleiding .....................................................................................................................................4
1.1 Wat is interna1onaal zakendoen? .........................................................................................4
1.2 Wie is geïnteresseerd in interna1onaal zakendoen? ..............................................................5
1.3 Welke vormen nemen interna1onale bedrijven aan? ............................................................5
1.4 De Globalisering ....................................................................................................................5
1.5 Ethiek en interna1onaal zakendoen ......................................................................................6
SamenvaDng ..............................................................................................................................7
Hoofdstuk 2 – interna4onale handel en directe buitenlandse investeringen ....................... 8
2.1 Wat is de interna1onale handelstheorie ................................................................................8
De na1onale concurren1evoordeeltheorie van Porter.................................................................9
Hoe grijpen overheden in in de handel? ......................................................................................9
2.3 Buitenlandse directe investeringen ..................................................................................... 10
SamenvaDng ............................................................................................................................ 12
Hoofdstuk 3 – Cultuur en zaken doen ............................................................................... 14
3.2 Wat zijn de belangrijkste methoden die worden gebruikt om culturen te beschrijven? ........ 14
Kleine machtsafstand................................................................................................................ 14
Grote machtsafstand ................................................................................................................ 14
Meer toezichthoudend personeel ............................................................................................. 14
Centralisa1e is populair ............................................................................................................ 14
Emo1onele verhoudingen tussen superieuren en ondergeschikten ........................................... 14
Privileges en statussymbolen zijn normaal en populair ............................................................. 14
Collec1visme ............................................................................................................................ 15
Individualisme .......................................................................................................................... 15
Feminien................................................................................................................................... 15
Kortetermijngerichtheid............................................................................................................ 15
Langetermijngerichtheid ........................................................................................................... 15
Zwakke onzekerheidsvermijding ............................................................................................... 16
Hoge onzekerheidsvermindering ............................................................................................... 16
3.3 Begrijpen hoe cultuur lokale bedrijfsprak1jken beïnvloedt .................................................. 16
SamenvaDng ............................................................................................................................ 18
Hoofdstuk 4 A : Wereldeconomieën.................................................................................. 20


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, 4.1 Hoe worden economieën ingedeeld? .................................................................................. 20
4.2 De ontwikkelde wereld begrijpen ........................................................................................ 21
4.3 Ontwikkelingslanden........................................................................................................... 22
4.4 Opkomende markten .......................................................................................................... 22
SamenvaDng ............................................................................................................................ 23
Hoofdstuk 4 B : Wereldeconomieën en de verschillende samenwerkingen tussen na4es... 25
4.4 Wereldwijde en regionale economische samenwerking en integra1e .................................. 25
The Ga[ .................................................................................................................................... 25
WTO ......................................................................................................................................... 25
4.5 Regionale economische integra1e ....................................................................................... 27
Belangrijke gebieden van regionale economische integra1e en samenwerking ......................... 28
4.6 De Verenigde Na1es (U.N) ................................................................................................... 30
De 1en principes van het UN Global Compact ! ......................................................................... 31
SamenvaDng ............................................................................................................................ 32
Hoofdstuk 5: EU vandaag ................................................................................................. 34
Geschiedenis van de EU ............................................................................................................ 34
Verdragen ................................................................................................................................. 35
Bestuur van de EU..................................................................................................................... 35
Europese Comissie .................................................................................................................... 37
Europese Raad .......................................................................................................................... 38
Europees parlement ................................................................................................................. 38
Hof van Jus11e ......................................................................................................................... 39
Europese Centrale Bank ............................................................................................................ 39
Schengen verdrag ..................................................................................................................... 39
Single Market ........................................................................................................................... 40
Overzicht / samenvaDng .......................................................................................................... 40
Hoofdstuk 6: Het interna4onale geldstelsel ...................................................................... 41
6.1 Wat is het interna1onale geldstelsel? .................................................................................. 41
Goud Standaard ........................................................................................................................ 41
Bre[on woods .......................................................................................................................... 42
6.2 Wat is de rol van het IMF en de Wereldbank?...................................................................... 42
Interna1onaal Monetair Fonds ................................................................................................. 43
Wereld Bank ............................................................................................................................. 45
SamenvaDng ............................................................................................................................ 48
Hoofdstuk 7: Strategie ..................................................................................................... 50



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, 7.1 Bedrijfsstrategie .................................................................................................................. 50
7.2 De vijf elementen van strategie ........................................................................................... 50
7.3 Wereldwijde strategische keuzes ......................................................................................... 51
7.5 De verschillende types in strategische keuzes ...................................................................... 52
SamenvaDng ............................................................................................................................ 54
Hoofdstuk 8: Interna4onale handel .................................................................................. 55
Documenten die nodig zijn om te exporteren en te importeren ................................................ 55
Wat is douane? ......................................................................................................................... 55
Inco terms ................................................................................................................................ 57
8.3 Wereldwijde inkoop en distribu1e ...................................................................................... 58
Global Sourcing: The process .................................................................................................... 59
8.4 Wat is Supply chain? ........................................................................................................... 59
Reverse Logis1cs ....................................................................................................................... 60
Circular Economy ...................................................................................................................... 60
Cradle to Cradle ........................................................................................................................ 60
8.5 Supply chain trends vandaag ............................................................................................... 61




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, Hoofdstuk 1

Inleiding

• Wereldhandel gaat verder dan alleen zakelijke belangen en omvat verschillende
belanghebbenden, zoals bedrijven, regeringen en burgers.
• Technologische vooruitgang hee< wereldhandel en investeringen bevorderd, het
hee< mensen, bedrijven en markten verder met elkaar verbonden.
• Poli4eke en juridische factoren en de geschiedenis van interna4onale handel
beïnvloeden interna?onale handel.
• Rol van bedrijven en regeringen: beoordelen met welke landen ze zaken willen doen
en waar ze willen investeren.
• COVID-19 hee< wereldwijd invloed gehad op handel en economie. De recente
geopoli?eke gebeurtenissen, de oorlog in Oekraïne en Gaza hebben ook impact
gehad op interna?onale rela?es en handel.




1.1 Wat is interna0onaal zakendoen?

Interna4onale zaken
= grensoverschrijdende uitwisselingen van goederen, diensten of hulpbronnen tussen twee
of meer landen.
Niet alleen uitwisseling van geld voor fysieke goederen, maar ook interna?onale
overdrachten van andere middelen, zoals:
• mensen,
• intellectueel eigendom (bijv. octrooien, auteursrechten, merkhandelsmerken en
gegevens),
• en contractuele ac?va of verplich?ngen (bijv. het recht om buitenlandse ac?va te
gebruiken, toekoms?ge diensten aan buitenlandse klanten te verlenen of een
complex financieel instrument uit te voeren).




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