In deze uitgebreide samenvatting voor farmacologie is alle leerstof samengevat a.d.h.v. de leerdoelen met de powerpoints en het boek. Farmacologie is een onderdeel uit de cursus Dierkundig onderzoek & Farmacologie.
Inhoudsopgave
College 1: Introductie Farmacologie ............................................................................................................... 3
Basisbegrippen ............................................................................................................................................ 3
Inleiding farmacologie ................................................................................................................................. 3
Geneesmiddelen en hun targets ................................................................................................................. 5
Inleiding dosis-response curve .................................................................................................................... 6
Geneesmiddelenontwikkeling en -regulatie ............................................................................................... 7
Naamgeving............................................................................................................................................. 7
Onderzoeksfasen ..................................................................................................................................... 8
College 2: Farmacokinetiek Absorptie en Distributie .................................................................................... 10
Toediendingvormen .................................................................................................................................. 10
Absorptie ................................................................................................................................................... 10
Factoren die een rol spelen bij het passeren van een membraan: ....................................................... 10
Distributie .................................................................................................................................................. 12
Afsluiting.................................................................................................................................................... 12
College 3: Farmacokinetiek Metabolisme en Excretie .................................................................................. 13
Metabolisme ............................................................................................................................................. 13
De enterohepatische kringloop ............................................................................................................. 13
CYP450................................................................................................................................................... 13
Excretie ...................................................................................................................................................... 14
De nier ................................................................................................................................................... 14
Eliminatie ............................................................................................................................................... 14
College 4: Farmacodynamiek ........................................................................................................................ 16
Signaaltransductie ..................................................................................................................................... 16
Mechanismen van farmaca ....................................................................................................................... 16
Dosis-responscurves .................................................................................................................................. 17
College 5: Cardiovasculaire Farmacologie..................................................................................................... 18
Glad spierweefsel in vaten ........................................................................................................................ 18
Hart en bloedvaten ................................................................................................................................... 19
Farmaca ..................................................................................................................................................... 19
College 6: Toxicologie .................................................................................................................................... 21
Organen ..................................................................................................................................................... 21
Modeldier de rat ....................................................................................................................................... 21
1
,Farmacologie VL422
Ames test................................................................................................................................................... 21
De MEC en MSC curve ............................................................................................................................... 22
2
, Farmacologie VL422
College 1: Introductie Farmacologie
Basisbegrippen
Zie afbeelding hieronder
Pharmacology: study of the biochemical and physiological effects of drugs on organisms.
Pharmacodynamics: study of the cellular and molecular interactions of drugs with their targets.
Pharmaceutical toxicology: study of the harmful or toxic effects of drugs.
Pharmacokinetics: study of factors that control the concentration–time relationship of drug at various
sites in the body.
Medicinal chemistry: study of drug design to optimize pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, and
synthesis of new drugs.
Pharmaceutics: study and design of drug formulation for optimum delivery, stability, pharmacokinetics,
and patient acceptance.
Pharmacogenomics: study of the influence of genetic variation on drug response in patients.
An ideal drug is one that:
• Has a desirable pharmacological action
• Has no side effects
• Reaches its intended location in the right concentration at the right time
• Remains at the site of action for the necessary period of time
• Is rapidly and completely removed from the body when no longer needed.
Inleiding farmacologie
Farmacologie is een interdisciplinair vakgebied met een breed domein. Het heeft vele raakvlakken met
andere vakgebieden.
Farmacogenomics = Middels een DNA test kunnen individuele reacties op geneesmiddelen worden
bepaald. Medicijnontwikkeling wordt specifieker.
3
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