Chapter 01
1. Attention, perception, and memory are all different types of mental processes in whi ch the mind engages. These are known as different types of a. models. b. cognition. c. reaction times. d. savings.
ANSWER: b
FEEDBACK: a. Incorrect. Models are used for various forms of compariso n, but these functions are not
examples of models. b. Correct. These are three of the many components that make up cognition. Another would include decision making, and there are many more beyond that. c. Incorrect. Reaction time is a measure of processing speed . While this may be regarded
as a facet of cognition, attention, memory, and percept ion are not components of reaction time. d. Incorrect. Savings is a specific measure of how memory wo rks, but the three processes
noted in the question are not types of savings.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Understand
REFERENCES: Cognitive Psychology: Studying the Mind
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
LEARNING OBJE
CTIVES: LO 1.1 - Explain how cognitive psychology defines the “mind.”
TOPICS: What Is the Mind?
DATE CREATED: 2/19/2022 2:37 AM
DATE MODIFIED: 2/19/2022 2:52 AM
2. The branch of psychology concerned with the scientific study of the mind is called a. cognitive psychology. b. introspection. c. behaviorism. d. memory consolidation.
ANSWER: a
FEEDBACK: a. Correct. Cognition is another name for “thinking,” wh ich is the primary emphasis for the study of the brain and its processes. b. Incorrect. While introspection is one way to study the mind, proposed early in the history of the field of psychology, it is a specific me thod rather than the entire branch of psychology. c. Incorrect. Behaviorism is a different branch of psychology a ltogether that excludes any inner thought that is not directly observable by some one. d. Incorrect. Memory consolidation is a process that might i nterest a cognitive psychologist, but it is only one of many ways to study th e brain as a whole.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Remember
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 1 REFERENCES: Cognitive Psychology: Studying the Mind
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
LEARNING OBJE
CTIVES: LO 1.1 - Explain how cognitive psychology defines the “mind.”
TOPICS: What Is the Mind?
DATE CREATED: 2/19/2022 2:53 AM
DATE MODIFIED: 2/19/2022 2:58 AM
3. Donders’s main reason for doing his choice reaction time experiment was to study a. sensation. b. childhood attachment styles. c. decision making. d. personality development.
ANSWER: c
FEEDBACK: a. Incorrect. Donders was concerned with how humans proce ss information and make choices, whereas sensation is the process of taking in stim uli from the external world. b. Incorrect. Donders was concerned with how humans proce ss information and select from among different options, whereas childhood attac hment styles describe how infants bond with their caregivers. c. Correct. Donders wanted to understand how humans proce ss information when presented with a variety of options simultaneously. d. Incorrect. Donders was concerned with how humans make ch oices, whereas personality development is the process involved with adap ting to one’s environment based on genetics and experiences.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Understand
REFERENCES: Cognitive Psychology: Studying the Mind
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
LEARNING OBJE
CTIVES: LO 1.2 - Describe the different approaches used by Wundt, James, Donders, and Ebbinghaus in their early attempts to study the mind.
TOPICS: Studying the Mind: Early Work in Cognitive Psychology
DATE CREATED: 2/19/2022 2:58 AM
DATE MODIFIED: 2/19/2022 3:04 AM
4. Donders interpreted the difference in reaction time between the simple and choice condi tions of his experiment as indicating how long it took to a. perceive the stimulus. b. process the stimulus. c. attend to the stimulus. d. make a decision about the stimulus.
ANSWER: d
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 2 FEEDBACK: a. Incorrect. The amount of time it took to perceive the st imulus was measured by the simple reaction time. b. Incorrect. In order for participants to process the stimu lus, they would need to attend to it, but attention was not directly measured in Donder s’s work. c. Incorrect. In order for participants to detect the stim ulus, attention was required, but attention was not directly measured in this study. d. Correct. Donders believed that the simple reaction time represented how long it took to perceive the stimulus, and the choice reaction time of bu tton-pressing would only occur
after perception. Therefore, the amount of time to m ake a decision about the stimulus was the time difference between these two.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Understand
REFERENCES: Cognitive Psychology: Studying the Mind
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
LEARNING OBJE
CTIVES: LO 1.2 - Describe the different approaches used by Wundt, James, Donders, and Ebbinghaus in their early attempts to study the mind.
TOPICS: Studying the Mind: Early Work in Cognitive Psychology
DATE CREATED: 2/19/2022 5:12 AM
DATE MODIFIED: 2/19/2022 5:16 AM
5. The main point of the Donders’s reaction time experiments was to a. show that reaction times can be measured accurately. b. measure the amount of time it takes to make a decision. c. determine differences in the way people react to stimuli. d. show that our cognitions are often based on unconscious inferences.
ANSWER: b
FEEDBACK: a. Incorrect. Although Donders did study reaction times, h e was mostly interested in decision making rather than simple reaction times. b. Correct. By comparing two different reaction times, D onders was able to infer the amount of time it takes to make a decision. c. Incorrect. The stimuli were important to Donders’s work because they allowed him to make inferences about decision making, but he was not as interested in the stimuli themselves. d. Incorrect. Donders was not concerned with teasing apart the conscious from the unconscious, but rather, using behaviors to infer mental processes.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Understand
REFERENCES: Cognitive Psychology: Studying the Mind
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
LEARNING OBJE
CTIVES: LO 1.2 - Describe the different approaches used by Wundt, James, Donders, and Ebbinghaus in their early attempts to study the mind.
TOPICS: Studying the Mind: Early Work in Cognitive Psychology
DATE CREATED: 2/19/2022 5:16 AM
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 3 DATE MODIFIED: 2/19/2022 5:19 AM
6. In Donders’s experiment on decision making, when participants were asked to press a butt on upon presentation of a light, they were engaged in a a. sensory memory task. b. simple reaction time task. c. choice reaction time task. d. classical conditioning task.
ANSWER: b
FEEDBACK: a. Incorrect. Perceiving the light was required before pr essing the button, while it was still present, whereas sensory memory involves retaining inf ormation that was presented visually only briefly and then disappears. b. Correct. In order to press the button when the light appeared, participants were indicating they had indeed perceived the stimulus. c. Incorrect. The choice reaction time task involved detecting the difference between the placement of two stimuli rather than identifying the p resence of a single light. d. Incorrect. Donders was not pairing stimuli with response s, but rather timing participants
in their ability to perceive a stimulus.
POINTS: 1
DIFFICULTY: Understand
REFERENCES: Cognitive Psychology: Studying the Mind
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
LEARNING OBJE
CTIVES: LO 1.2 - Describe the different approaches used by Wundt, James, Donders, and Ebbinghaus in their early attempts to study the mind.
TOPICS: Studying the Mind: Early Work in Cognitive Psychology
DATE CREATED: 2/19/2022 5:19 AM
DATE MODIFIED: 2/19/2022 5:22 AM
7. When measuring reaction time, which describes the onset of the stimulus? a. Sensation b. Transduction c. Change in intensity d. Presentation
ANSWER: d
FEEDBACK: a. Incorrect. Detection of a stimulus rarely occurs at the precise moment it is presented. b. Incorrect. Reaction time captures not only the transduct ion of a stimulus in the environment but also the amount of time it takes for t he brain to process and then act on that stimulus. c. Incorrect. The intensity of a stimulus can affect the ab ility to detect the stimulus, but it does not directly measure the amount of time it take s to do so. d. Correct. Reaction time measures the amount of time i t takes for detection of the stimulus after it is presented.
POINTS: 1
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 4
